Fig. 3

TGF-β1 enhances the proliferation and induces EMT in SYT-SSX1 cells. A Morphological observations of SYT-SSX1 cells following treatment with 0, 1, 5, or 10 ng/mL rhTGF-β1 for 36 h. B Morphological observations of SYT-SSX1 cells following treatment with 0, 5, 10, or 20 μM SB431542 for 36 h. C CCK-8 assay on SYT-SSX1 or untreated cells following rhTGF-β1 treatment at different concentrations for 36 h. D CCK-8 assay on SYT-SSX1 or untreated cells following SB431542 treatment at different concentrations for 36 h. E Following treatment with 0, 1, or 5 ng/mL rhTGF-β1 on SYT-SSX1 cells, western blotting was used to probe for TGF-β1, pSmad2/3, Snail, E-cadherin, Slug, and N-cadherin. F After treating with SB431542 (0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 μM) on SYT-SSX1 cells, western blotting was used to probe for TGF-β1, pSmad2/3, Snail, E-cadherin, Slug, and N-cadherin. G Following treatment with 0, 1, or 5 ng/mL rhTGF-β1 on SW982 cells, western blotting was used to probe for TGF-β1, pSmad2/3, Snail, and E-cadherin. H After treating with SB431542 (0, 1, 5, 10, and 20 μM) on SW982 cells, western blotting was used to probe for TGF-β1, pSmad2/3, Snail, and E-cadherin. All experiments were repeated at least three times. Error bars represent the means ± SD. β-actin served as an internal control. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001