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Table 1 CFT and CFP antagonize 5-FU-induced increase in the percentage of cells in the pre-G1 phase. Propidium iodide staining was used to monitor the cell cycle of HCT-116 cells (A) and DLD-1 cells (B) 48 h and 72 h post-treatment with CFT (100 μg/mL), CFP (50 μg/mL), 5-FU (8 μM for HCT-116 and 16 μM for DLD-1) and their combinations. The distribution of the cells in pre-G1, G0/G1, S, and G2/M phases was determined using FACScan flow cytometry. Their percentages were determined and shown as the mean ± SE of three independent experiments done in duplicate. Statistical analysis was performed using one-tailed student t-test. aP < 0.05 significant to control untreated cells. bP < 0.05 significant with respect to 5-FU. cP < 0.05 significant with respect to CFT or CFP

From: Ceftazidime and cefepime antagonize 5-fluorouracil’s effect in colon cancer cells

A) HCT-116

 

0

5-FU (8 μM)

48 h

72 h

48 h

72 h

0

Pre G1

4.2 ± 0.7

4.0 ± 0.4

16.9 ± 2.5(a)

36.7 ± 11.7(a)

G0/G1

55.9 ± 4.5

62.7 ± 2.0

48.4 ± 2.3(a)

39.0 ± 9.5(a)

S

11.4 ± 1.7

6.6 ± 1.6

10.6 ± 1.0

6.6 ± 0.7

G2/M

23.4 ± 2.5

21.0 ± 1.4

22.3 ± 2.9

16.4 ± 2.4(a)

CFP

50 μg/ml

Pre G1

4.9 ± 1.6

9.3 ± 2.9(a)

12.6 ± 1.6(a,b,c)(↓)

23.2 ± 5.3(a,c)

G0/G1

51.7 ± 2.8

53.8 ± 3.6(a)

53.9 ± 3.9

51.4 ± 4.1(a)

S

13.6 ± 1.6

7.4 ± 1.4

9.7 ± 0.9(c)

6.4 ± 0.6

G2/M

24.6 ± 0.9

23.6 ± 2.2(a)

22.5 ± 2.9

17.5 ± 2.3(a,c)

CFT

100 μg/ml

Pre G1

6.4 ± 2.3(a)

9.8 ± 0.9(a)

8.9 ± 1.6(a,b)(↓)

35.6 ± 6.4(a,c)

G0/G1

53.3 ± 1.7

56.9 ± 1.3(a)

53.6 ± 3.3(b)(↑)

41.6 ± 2.6(a,c)

S

12.8 ± 2.9

6.6 ± 1.0

10.8 ± 1.0

8.0 ± 0.7(b)(↑)

G2/M

24.4 ± 1.2

24.3 ± 0.5(a)

25.7 ± 5.3

14.3 ± 4.3(a,c)

B) DLD-1

 

0

5-FU (16 μM)

48 h

72 h

48 h

72 h

0

Pre G1

3.2 ± 1.6

3.8 ± 1.1

6.3 ± 2.3

4.7 ± 0.3

G0/G1

53.4 ± 2.5

68.0 ± 2.0

49.3 ± 4.4

69.4 ± 5.0

S

16.4 ± 2.6

8.6 ± 0.9

32.0 ± 6.1(a)

20.1 ± 2.9(a)

G2/M

22.4 ± 2.4

19.1 ± 1.9

10.3 ± 1.7(a)

5.4 ± 2.7(a)

CFP

50 μg/ml

Pre G1

2.6 ± 0.3

9.5 ± 4.1(a)

4.0 ± 1.2(c)

13.6 ± 1.3(a,b)(↑)

G0/G1

48.8 ± 4.0

59.6 ± 3.6(a)

51.4 ± 9.0

64.6 ± 3.7

S

29.2 ± 8.1

13.1 ± 3.3(a)

31.7 ± 5.3

17.6 ± 1.2(a)

G2/M

18.4 ± 4.3

17.0 ± 3.5

12.8 ± 5.0

4.3 ± 2.7(a,c)

CFT

100 μg/ml

Pre G1

9.3 ± 2.5(a)

40.6 ± 5.2(a)

7.1 ± 1.5

21.0 ± 6.0(a,b,c)(↑)

G0/G1

52.6 ± 3.3

38.2 ± 4.3(a)

40.4 ± 3.0(a,b,c)(↓)

54.6 ± 7.1(a,b,c)(↓)

S

14.6 ± 3.2

8.4 ± 0.6

30.3 ± 7.5(a,c)

10.1 ± 1.3(b)(↓)

G2/M

15.7 ± 2.8(a)

12.0 ± 1.6(a)

18.2 ± 3.2(b)(↑)

13.7 ± 1.0(a,b)(↑)