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Table 3 Estimated associations of IQR increases in annual average air pollution and psychological factors in cancer survivors and general population before propensity score (PS) matching

From: Relationship between chronic exposure to ambient air pollution and mental health in Korean adult cancer survivors and the general population

 

Cancer survivors (n = 1279)

General population (n = 36,822)

Model 1

Model 2

Model 1

Model 2

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

OR (95% CI)

p-value

Perceived stress

 PM10 (μg/m3)

0.92 (0.76-1.11)

0.3653

0.98 (0.79-1.21)

0.8264

1.05 (1.02-1.10)

0.0016

1.06 (1.02-1.10)

0.0026

 NO2 (ppb)

1.15 (0.84-1.59)

0.3878

1.32 (0.92-1.91)

0.1312

1.09 (1.03-1.16)

0.0029

1.10 (1.03-1.17)

0.0026

 SO2 (ppb)

0.95 (0.84-1.07)

0.3935

0.96 (0.84-1.10)

0.5370

0.98 (0.96-1.01)

0.1322

0.99 (0.97-1.01)

0.3073

 CO (ppb)

1.12 (0.96-1.31)

0.1590

1.19 (0.99-1.42)

0.0658

1.03 (1.01-1.06)

0.0164

1.03 (1.00-1.06)

0.0443

Depressive symptom

 PM10 (μg/m3)

1.28 (1.04-1.57)

0.0218

1.34 (1.06-1.69)

0.0139

1.11 (1.06-1.16)

< 0.0001

1.11 (1.06-1.17)

< 0.0001

 NO2 (ppb)

1.10 (0.77-1.56)

0.6070

1.39 (0.93-2.07)

0.1100

1.12 (1.04-1.21)

0.0026

1.13 (1.04-1.23)

0.0028

 SO2 (ppb)

0.94 (0.82-1.07)

0.3437

0.95 (0.82-1.10)

0.4720

1.01 (0.98-1.04)

0.4537

1.01 (0.98-1.04)

0.3814

 CO (ppb)

1.15 (0.97-1.36)

0.1040

1.21 (1.00-1.48)

0.0563

1.05 (1.01-1.08)

0.0103

1.04 (1.01-1.08)

0.0267

Suicidal ideation

 PM10 (μg/m3)

1.36 (1.10-1.69)

0.0047

1.29 (1.01-1.64)

0.0459

1.15 (1.10-1.20)

< 0.0001

1.15 (1.10-1.20)

< 0.0001

 NO2 (ppb)

1.25 (0.87-1.82)

0.2318

1.32 (0.87-2.00)

0.1912

1.07 (0.99-1.16)

0.0724

1.08 (0.99-1.17)

0.0698

 SO2 (ppb)

0.97 (0.85-1.11)

0.6425

0.94 (0.81-1.10)

0.4497

1.02 (0.99-1.05)

0.1265

1.03 (1.00-1.06)

0.1065

 CO (ppb)

1.20 (1.01-1.43)

0.0393

1.09 (0.89-1.33)

0.4274

1.03 (0.99-1.07)

0.0672

1.03 (0.99-1.06)

0.1617

Suicidal ideation (adjustment for depressive symptom)

 PM10 (μg/m3)

1.27 (1.00-1.62)

0.0492

1.16 (0.87-1.53)

0.3103

1.12 (1.07-1.18)

< 0.0001

1.12 (1.07-1.18)

< 0.0001

 NO2 (ppb)

1.27 (0.84-1.91)

0.2621

1.18 (0.74-1.89)

0.4822

1.03 (0.95-1.12)

0.5263

1.03 (0.95-1.13)

0.4650

 SO2 (ppb)

1.01 (0.87-1.17)

0.9336

0.97 (0.82-1.16)

0.7663

1.02 (0.99-1.05)

0.1743

1.02 (0.99-1.06)

0.1587

 CO (ppb)

1.15 (0.95-1.39)

0.1679

0.98 (0.77-1.23)

0.8365

1.02 (0.98-1.05)

0.3937

1.01 (0.97-1.05)

0.5315

  1. The odds ratio and 95% confidence interval in each air pollutant was scaled to the interquartile range for each pollutant, respectively (9 μg/m3 for PM10, 11 ppb for NO2, 1 ppb for SO2, and 100 ppb for CO)
  2. Model 1 was adjusted for demographic variables including age, sex, education level, household income, and resident region (urbanity)
  3. Model 2 was adjusted for demographic variables plus health behaviors including smoking status, alcohol drinking, moderate physical activity, comorbidity (hypertension, diabetes, obesity, dyslipidemia, stroke, or myocardial infarction), and history of taking medications (antihypertensive drugs or diabetes drugs)
  4. OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence interval, PM10 Particulate matter < 10 μm in diameter, NO2 Nitrogen dioxide, SO2 Sulfur dioxide, CO Carbon monoxide
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BMC Cancer

ISSN: 1471-2407

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