Table 3 Clinicopathologic characteristics of patients with high-risk factors

 Mean ± SD

53.9 ± 11.3

50.0 ± 11.1

0.042

 Mean ± SD

23.1 ± 4.0

24.5 ± 3.6

0.054

Surgical approach

0.050

 Open

49 (56.3)

40 (76.9)

 Laparoscopy

29 (33.3)

9 (17.3)

 Robot-assisted surgery

9 (10.3)

3 (5.8)

Conization

11 (12.6)

10 (19.2)

0.294

Histologic type

0.297

 Squamous cell carcinoma

74 (85.1)

39 (75.0)

 Adenocarcinoma

11 (12.6)

10 (19.2)

 Adenosquamous carcinoma

2 (2.3)

3 (5.8)

2009 FIGO stage

0.699

 IB1

42 (48.3)

24 (46.2)

 IB2

20 (23.0)

12 (23.1)

 IIA1

8 (9.2)

8 (15.4)

 IIA2

17 (19.5)

8 (15.4)

Pelvic lymphadenectomy

N/A

 No

0

0

 Yes

87 (100.0)

52 (100.0)

  Removed LNs, median (IQR)

23 (16–31.3)

28 (21.3–35)

0.022^a

  Positive LNs, median (IQR)

1 (0–3)

2 (1–5)

0.027^a

Para-aortic lymphadenectomy

0.370

 No

60 (69.0)

32 (61.5)

 Yes

27 (31.0)

20 (38.5)

  Removed LNs, median (IQR)

3 (1–5)

5 (3–6)

0.057

  Positive LNs, median (IQR)

0 (0–0)

0 (0–2.5)

0.005

 Mean ± SD

35.2 ± 13.6

32.1 ± 14.7

0.191

 Mean ± SD

45.6 ± 19.2

41.8 ± 19.6

0.262

  < 20

5 (5.7)

5 (9.6)

0.681

  ≥ 20 and < 40

31 (35.6)

19 (36.5)

  ≥ 40 and < 50

17 (19.5)

12 (23.1)

  ≥ 50

34 (39.1)

16 (30.8)

 Parametrial invasion

46 (52.9)

25 (48.1)

0.584

 LN metastasis

63 (72.4)

44 (84.6)

0.098

  Pelvic LN only

62 (71.3)

37 (71.2)

0.008^b

  Both pelvic and para-aortic LNs

1 (1.1)

7 (13.5)

  Para-aortic LN only

0

0

 Resection margin involvement

15 (17.2)

9 (17.3)

0.992

 LVSI

71 (81.6)

40 (76.9)

0.505

 Deep stromal invasion

73 (83.9)

39 (75.0)

0.199