Table 1 The principal characteristics of eligible studies
Study /Year /Country | No. of patients | Mean age | Study design | Consecutive | Scanner | Cutoff value | Reference standard | Interval between index tests and HP | TP | FP | FN | FP | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
SUVmax | ADC(10−3 mm2/s) | ||||||||||||
Castellucci P /2007 /Italy [29] | 50 | 64 | P | Yes | PET/CT (Non-CE) | 3.0 |  | HP + follow-up | ≤ 2 W | 28 | 0 | 4 | 18 |
Kitajima K/2011 /Japan [30] | 108(111tumor) | 55.4 | NR | NR | PET/CT (Non-CE + CE) | 2.55 |  | HP | NR | 70 | 6 | 15 | 20 |
Zytoon AA/2012 /Egypt [31] | 98 | 57.7 | P | yes | PET/CT (Non-CE) | 4.3 |  | HP + follow-up | ≤ 4 W | 87 | 0 | 7 | 4 |
Risum S/2007 /Denmark [32] | 97 | 60 | P | yes | PET/CT (Non-CE + CE) | NR |  | HP | ≤ 2 W | 57 | 3 | 0 | 37 |
Tanizaki Y/2014 /Japan [33] | 160 | NR | R | NR | PET/CT (Non-CE) | 2.9 | Â | HP | NR | 54 | 5 | 13 | 88 |
Dauwen H/2013 /Belgium [34] | 69 | 60 | P | Yes | PET/CT (Non-CE + CE) | NR |  | HP | ≤17d | 52 | 3 | 4 | 10 |
Yamamoto Y/ 2008/Japan [35] | 30 | 47.7 | P | Yes | PET/CT (Non-CE) | 3.0 | Â | HP | NR | 10 | 3 | 4 | 13 |
Takagi H/2018 /Japan [36] | 76 | 59 | R | NR | PET/CT (Non-CE) | 3.97 | Â | HP | NR | 39 | 5 | 2 | 30 |
Michielsen K/2013 /Belgium [37] | 32 | 61.9 | P | Yes | PET/CT (Non-CE) | NR | Â | HP | NR | 29 | 2 | 0 | 1 |
Lee JW/2015/ Korea [38] | 39 | 51 | R | NR | PET/CT (Non-CE + CE) | 2.5 |  | HP | ≤ 7 W | 18 | 4 | 0 | 17 |
Nam EJ/2009 /Korea [39] | 133 | 51 | P | NR | PET/CT (Non-CE + CE) | NR |  | HP | ≤ 4 W | 93 | 10 | 2 | 28 |
Nam EJ/2009 /Korea [39] | 133 | 51 | P | NR | MRI (1.5 T) |  | NR | HP | ≤ 4 W | 69 | 7 | 3 | 6 |
Kawahara K/ 2004/Japan [40] | 38 | 55.3 | P | yes | MRI (1.5 T) |  | NR | HP | ≤ 2 W | 21 | 2 | 2 | 13 |
Kierans AS/2013 /USA [41] | 37 | 54 | R | Yes | MRI (1.5/3 T) |  | NR | HP | ≤ 137D | 6 | 3 | 3 | 25 |
Türkoğlu S/ 2020/Turkey [42] | 43 | 51.26 | R | Yes | MRI (1.5 T) |  | 0.93 | HP | ≤ 1 W | 15 | 5 | 8 | 15 |
Michielsen K/ 2017/Belgium [43] | 161 | NR | P | Yes | MRI (3 T) |  | NR | HP | NR | 122 | 8 | 4 | 27 |
Uehara T/2012 /Japan [44] | 50 | 51 | R | Yes | MRI (3 T) |  | NR | HP | NR | 18 | 3 | 1 | 28 |
Booth SJ/ 2008/UK [45] | 191 | 56 | R | NR | MRI (3 T) |  | NR | HP | NR | 90 | 22 | 8 | 71 |
Shimada K/2017 /Japan [46] | 265 | NR | P | Yes | MRI (1.5 T) |  | NR | HP | ≤4 M | 52 | 18 | 2 | 193 |
Zhang H/2019 /China [47] | 85 | 52.7 | R | Yes | MRI(1.5 T) |  | 1.162 | HP | NR | 51 | 3 | 11 | 20 |
Zhang P/2012/ China [48] | 191(202tumor) | 56.5 | R | Yes | MRI (1.5 T) |  | 1.20 | HP | NR | 85 | 43 | 7 | 67 |
Li W/2011/ China [49] | 127(131tumor) | B = 46.2,M = 59.9 | R | Yes | MRI (1.5 T) |  | 1.25 | HP | NR | 77 | 5 | 8 | 41 |
Fan X/2015/ China [50] | 64 | 46.7 | R | NR | MRI (3 T) |  | 0.878 | HP | NR | 54 | 5 | 4 | 25 |
Sohaib SA/2003/ UK [51] | 104(155tumor) | 50 | P | Yes | MRI (1.5 T) |  | NR | HP | NR | 61 | 11 | 3 | 80 |
Gity M/2019/ Iran [52] | 43(49tumor) | 39.9 | P | Yes | MRI (3 T) |  | NR | HP | NR | 21 | 9 | 1 | 18 |
Pereira PN/2018/Brazil [53] | 200(237tumor) | B = 47.1;M = 57.8 | P | Yes | MRI (1.5 T) |  | NR | HP + follow-up | NR | 75 | 4 | 4 | 154 |
Van TP/2007/ UK [54] | 76 | B = 46;M = 57 | P | Yes | MRI (1.5 T) |  | NR | HP | NR | 23 | 7 | 2 | 44 |
Thomassin NI/ 2020/France [55] | 1130 | 49 | P | Yes | MRI (1.5/3 T) |  | NR | HP + follow-up | NR | 189 | 79 | 14 | 848 |