Fig. 1
From: Intraoperative radiation therapy induces immune response activity after pancreatic surgery
Intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT) leads to differential cytokine profile of the peritoneal fluid (PF) and affects PI3K/Smad signalling in pancreatic cancer cells. A Cytokine membrane array images. Each spot represents a cytokine hybridised in patient PF. B Heat map visualisation comparing cytokine array results. C. Cytokines significantly upregulated in the PF of IORT-treated patients (IORT n = 15, no IORT n = 11). D. Schematic overview of signalling pathways (PI3K-Akt, Smad2/3) in cancer cells associated with cytokines TGF-β, IFN-γ, and PDGF-BB. E. Western blot analysis of signalling-related protein xpression in Panc1 cells incubated with PF for 4 h. IORT: P3, P54, and P56; no IORT: P31, P33, and P42 (unpaired t-test; *p < 0.05 and **p ≤ 0.01)