| Preoperative PNI | Postoperative PNI | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low (PNI < 50. 1) (n = 173) | High (PNI ≥ 50. 1) (n = 162) | P value | Low (PNI < 50. 2) (n = 206) | High (PNI ≥ 50. 2) (n = 129) | P value | |
Age (yr) | 56.5 ± 13.9 | 52.3 ± 13.7 | 0.005 | 57.2 ± 13.9 | 50.1 ± 12.9 | <  0.001 |
<  60 | 96 (55.5%) | 108 (66.7%) | 0.047 | 108 (52.4%) | 96 (74.4%) | <  0.001 |
< 70 | 136 (78.6%) | 148 (91.4%) | 0.002 | 161 (78.2%) | 123 (95.3%) | <  0.001 |
Male gender (n) | 91 (52.6%) | 104 (64.2%) | 0.041 | 114 (55.3%) | 81 (62.8%) | 0.218 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 22.6 ± 3.2 | 23.5 ± 3.2 | 0.019 | 22.7 ± 3.2 | 23.6 ± 3.1 | 0.021 |
ASA physical status (n) | Â | Â | 0.116 | Â | Â | 0.235 |
 I | 57 (32.9%) | 63 (38.9%) |  | 69 (33.5%) | 51 (39.5%) |  |
 II | 93 (53.8%) | 88 (54.3%) |  | 112 (54.4%) | 69 (53.5%) |  |
 III | 23 (13.3%) | 11 (6.8%) |  | 25 (12.1%) | 9 (7.0%) |  |
Comorbidity (n) | ||||||
 Hypertension | 45 (26.0%) | 46 (28.4%) | 0.713 | 58 (28.2%) | 33 (25.6%) | 0.697 |
 Diabetes mellitus | 16 (9.2%) | 9 (5.6%) | 0.281 | 16 (7.8%) | 9 (7.0%) | 0.957 |
 Cardiac disease | 13 (7.5%) | 6 (3.7%) | 0.204 | 16 (7.8%) | 3 (2.3%) | 0.050 |
 Respiratory disease | 7 (4.0%) | 4 (2.5%) | 0.544 | 11 (5.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.008 |
 Liver disease | 9 (5.2%) | 8 (4.9%) | 1.000 | 11 (5.3%) | 6 (4.7%) | 0.981 |
 Renal disease | 3 (1.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.249 | 3 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0.287 |
 Cerebrovascular disease | 12 (6.9%) | 6 (3.7%) | 0.285 | 10 (4.9%) | 8 (6.2%) | 0.777 |
 Extracranial malignancy | 11 (6.4%) | 4 (2.5%) | 0.113 | 12 (5.8%) | 3 (2.3%) | 0.177 |
Daily activity | ||||||
 Preoperative KPS score | 80 (70–90) | 90 (80–90) | 0.009 | 85 (70–90) | 90 (80–90) | 0.023 |
  ≥ 70 (n) | 144 (83.2%) | 154 (95.1%) | 0.001 | 177 (85.9%) | 121 (93.8%) | 0.040 |
 KPS score at hospital discharge | 90 (70–90) | 90 (80–90) | 0.024 | 90 (70–90) | 90 (80–90) | <  0.001 |
  ≥ 70 (n) | 145 (83.8%) | 146 (90.1%) | 0.122 | 166 (80.6%) | 125 (96.9%) | <  0.001 |
Laboratory findings | ||||||
 Albumin (g/dL) | ||||||
  Preoperative | 3.9 ± 0.4 | 4.4 ± 0.3 | <  0.001 | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 4.3 ± 0.4 | <  0.001 |
  Postoperative | 3.9 ± 0.4 | 4.1 ± 0.3 | <  0.001 | 3.8 ± 0.4 | 4.3 ± 0.2 | <  0.001 |
  Delta (preoperative – postoperative) | −0.01 ± 0.49 | −0.26 ± 0.38 | <  0.001 | −0.23 ± 0.49 | 0.03 ± 0.35 | <  0.001 |
Lymphocyte count (106/L) | ||||||
 Preoperative | 1280.8 ± 495.2 | 2064.3 ± 667.6 | <  0.001 | 1521.9 ± 646.7 | 1879.6 ± 736.3 | <  0.001 |
  < 1500 (n) | 127 (73.4%) | 37 (22.8%) | <  0.001 | 116 (56.3%) | 48 (37.2%) | 0.001 |
 Postoperative | 1558.5 ± 646.7 | 1827.0 ± 578.6 | <  0.001 | 1422.4 ± 466.5 | 2113.1 ± 621.4 | <  0.001 |
  < 1500 (n) | 89 (51.4%) | 47 (29.0%) | <  0.001 | 120 (58.3%) | 16 (12.4%) | <  0.001 |
 Delta (preoperative – postoperative) | − 277.8 ± 680.1 | 237.3 ± 755.2 | <  0.001 | 99.5 ± 702.4 | −233.4 ± 808.5 | <  0.001 |
PNI | ||||||
 Preoperative | 45.5 ± 3.6 | 54.4 ± 3.2 | <  0.001 | 48.2 ± 5.2 | 52.4 ± 5.3 | <  0.001 |
 Postoperative | 46.8 ± 5.2 | 50.6 ± 5.1 | <  0.001 | 45.4 ± 4.0 | 53.8 ± 3.0 | <  0.001 |
 Delta (preoperative – postoperative) | −1.3 ± 5.8 | 3.8 ± 5.2 | <  0.001 | 2.8 ± 5.9 | −1.4 ± 5.3 | <  0.001 |
Surgery time (hr) | 4.4 ± 1.3 | 4.5 ± 1.4 | 0.581 | 4.4 ± 1.4 | 4.5 ± 1.2 | 0.471 |
Intraoperative transfusion (n) | 41 (23.7%) | 25 (15.4%) | 0.077 | 54 (26.2%) | 12 (9.3%) | <  0.001 |
Tumor resection (n) | Â | Â | 0.642 | Â | Â | 0.072 |
 Gross total | 102 (59.0%) | 107 (66.0%) | 0.220 | 119 (57.8%) | 90 (69.8%) | 0.037 |
 Near total | 24 (13.9%) | 16 (9.9%) | 0.338 | 24 (11.7%) | 16 (12.4%) | 0.973 |
 Subtotal | 32 (18.5%) | 28 (17.3%) | 0.883 | 42 (20.4%) | 18 (14.0%) | 0.178 |
 Partial | 8 (4.6%) | 7 (4.3%) | 1.000 | 11 (5.3%) | 4 (3.1%) | 0.422 |
 Biopsy | 7 (4.0%) | 4 (2.5%) | 0.544 | 10 (4.9%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.056 |
Gene expression profiles (n) | ||||||
 MGMT Promoter methylation* | 97 (56.4%) | 80 (50.0%) | 0.291 | 110 (54.2%) | 67 (51.9%) | 0.774 |
 EGFR amplification†| 45 (26.0%) | 41 (25.6%) | 1.000 | 53 (25.9%) | 33 (25.8%) | 1.000 |
 IDH mutation‡ | 19 (12.2%) | 30 (19.6%) | 0.103 | 27 (14.4%) | 22 (18.0%) | 0.493 |
Postoperative new neurologic deficit (n) | 43 (24.9%) | 24 (14.8%) | 0.031 | 54 (26.2%) | 13 (10.1%) | <  0.001 |
Postoperative treatment (n) | Â | Â | 0.033 | Â | Â | 0.030 |
 Stupp protocol | 151 (87.3%) | 151 (93.2%) | 0.102 | 180 (87.4%) | 122 (94.6%) | 0.050 |
 Completed | 99 (57.2%) | 104 (64.2%) | 0.219 | 113 (54.9%) | 90 (69.8%) | 0.009 |
 Chemotherapy | 6 (3.5%) | 5 (3.1%) | 1.000 | 7 (3.4%) | 4 (3.1%) | 1.000 |
 Radiotherapy | 1 (0.6%) | 3 (1.9%) | 0.357 | 2 (1.0%) | 2 (1.6%) | 0.641 |
 None | 15 (8.7%) | 3 (1.9%) | 0.007 | 17 (8.3%) | 1 (0.8%) | 0.002 |