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Table 1 Demographic, perioperative laboratory results, genetic, and postoperative treatment-related data

From: Prognostic significance of the postoperative prognostic nutritional index in patients with glioblastoma: a retrospective study

 

Preoperative PNI

Postoperative PNI

Low (PNI < 50. 1) (n = 173)

High (PNI ≥ 50. 1) (n = 162)

P value

Low (PNI < 50. 2) (n = 206)

High (PNI ≥ 50. 2) (n = 129)

P value

Age (yr)

56.5 ± 13.9

52.3 ± 13.7

0.005

57.2 ± 13.9

50.1 ± 12.9

<  0.001

<  60

96 (55.5%)

108 (66.7%)

0.047

108 (52.4%)

96 (74.4%)

<  0.001

< 70

136 (78.6%)

148 (91.4%)

0.002

161 (78.2%)

123 (95.3%)

<  0.001

Male gender (n)

91 (52.6%)

104 (64.2%)

0.041

114 (55.3%)

81 (62.8%)

0.218

BMI (kg/m2)

22.6 ± 3.2

23.5 ± 3.2

0.019

22.7 ± 3.2

23.6 ± 3.1

0.021

ASA physical status (n)

  

0.116

  

0.235

 I

57 (32.9%)

63 (38.9%)

 

69 (33.5%)

51 (39.5%)

 

 II

93 (53.8%)

88 (54.3%)

 

112 (54.4%)

69 (53.5%)

 

 III

23 (13.3%)

11 (6.8%)

 

25 (12.1%)

9 (7.0%)

 

Comorbidity (n)

 Hypertension

45 (26.0%)

46 (28.4%)

0.713

58 (28.2%)

33 (25.6%)

0.697

 Diabetes mellitus

16 (9.2%)

9 (5.6%)

0.281

16 (7.8%)

9 (7.0%)

0.957

 Cardiac disease

13 (7.5%)

6 (3.7%)

0.204

16 (7.8%)

3 (2.3%)

0.050

 Respiratory disease

7 (4.0%)

4 (2.5%)

0.544

11 (5.3%)

0 (0.0%)

0.008

 Liver disease

9 (5.2%)

8 (4.9%)

1.000

11 (5.3%)

6 (4.7%)

0.981

 Renal disease

3 (1.7%)

0 (0.0%)

0.249

3 (1.5%)

0 (0.0%)

0.287

 Cerebrovascular disease

12 (6.9%)

6 (3.7%)

0.285

10 (4.9%)

8 (6.2%)

0.777

 Extracranial malignancy

11 (6.4%)

4 (2.5%)

0.113

12 (5.8%)

3 (2.3%)

0.177

Daily activity

 Preoperative KPS score

80 (70–90)

90 (80–90)

0.009

85 (70–90)

90 (80–90)

0.023

  ≥ 70 (n)

144 (83.2%)

154 (95.1%)

0.001

177 (85.9%)

121 (93.8%)

0.040

 KPS score at hospital discharge

90 (70–90)

90 (80–90)

0.024

90 (70–90)

90 (80–90)

<  0.001

  ≥ 70 (n)

145 (83.8%)

146 (90.1%)

0.122

166 (80.6%)

125 (96.9%)

<  0.001

Laboratory findings

 Albumin (g/dL)

  Preoperative

3.9 ± 0.4

4.4 ± 0.3

<  0.001

4.1 ± 0.4

4.3 ± 0.4

<  0.001

  Postoperative

3.9 ± 0.4

4.1 ± 0.3

<  0.001

3.8 ± 0.4

4.3 ± 0.2

<  0.001

  Delta (preoperative – postoperative)

−0.01 ± 0.49

−0.26 ± 0.38

<  0.001

−0.23 ± 0.49

0.03 ± 0.35

<  0.001

Lymphocyte count (106/L)

 Preoperative

1280.8 ± 495.2

2064.3 ± 667.6

<  0.001

1521.9 ± 646.7

1879.6 ± 736.3

<  0.001

  < 1500 (n)

127 (73.4%)

37 (22.8%)

<  0.001

116 (56.3%)

48 (37.2%)

0.001

 Postoperative

1558.5 ± 646.7

1827.0 ± 578.6

<  0.001

1422.4 ± 466.5

2113.1 ± 621.4

<  0.001

  < 1500 (n)

89 (51.4%)

47 (29.0%)

<  0.001

120 (58.3%)

16 (12.4%)

<  0.001

 Delta (preoperative – postoperative)

− 277.8 ± 680.1

237.3 ± 755.2

<  0.001

99.5 ± 702.4

−233.4 ± 808.5

<  0.001

PNI

 Preoperative

45.5 ± 3.6

54.4 ± 3.2

<  0.001

48.2 ± 5.2

52.4 ± 5.3

<  0.001

 Postoperative

46.8 ± 5.2

50.6 ± 5.1

<  0.001

45.4 ± 4.0

53.8 ± 3.0

<  0.001

 Delta (preoperative – postoperative)

−1.3 ± 5.8

3.8 ± 5.2

<  0.001

2.8 ± 5.9

−1.4 ± 5.3

<  0.001

Surgery time (hr)

4.4 ± 1.3

4.5 ± 1.4

0.581

4.4 ± 1.4

4.5 ± 1.2

0.471

Intraoperative transfusion (n)

41 (23.7%)

25 (15.4%)

0.077

54 (26.2%)

12 (9.3%)

<  0.001

Tumor resection (n)

  

0.642

  

0.072

 Gross total

102 (59.0%)

107 (66.0%)

0.220

119 (57.8%)

90 (69.8%)

0.037

 Near total

24 (13.9%)

16 (9.9%)

0.338

24 (11.7%)

16 (12.4%)

0.973

 Subtotal

32 (18.5%)

28 (17.3%)

0.883

42 (20.4%)

18 (14.0%)

0.178

 Partial

8 (4.6%)

7 (4.3%)

1.000

11 (5.3%)

4 (3.1%)

0.422

 Biopsy

7 (4.0%)

4 (2.5%)

0.544

10 (4.9%)

1 (0.8%)

0.056

Gene expression profiles (n)

 MGMT Promoter methylation*

97 (56.4%)

80 (50.0%)

0.291

110 (54.2%)

67 (51.9%)

0.774

 EGFR amplification†

45 (26.0%)

41 (25.6%)

1.000

53 (25.9%)

33 (25.8%)

1.000

 IDH mutation‡

19 (12.2%)

30 (19.6%)

0.103

27 (14.4%)

22 (18.0%)

0.493

Postoperative new neurologic deficit (n)

43 (24.9%)

24 (14.8%)

0.031

54 (26.2%)

13 (10.1%)

<  0.001

Postoperative treatment (n)

  

0.033

  

0.030

 Stupp protocol

151 (87.3%)

151 (93.2%)

0.102

180 (87.4%)

122 (94.6%)

0.050

 Completed

99 (57.2%)

104 (64.2%)

0.219

113 (54.9%)

90 (69.8%)

0.009

 Chemotherapy

6 (3.5%)

5 (3.1%)

1.000

7 (3.4%)

4 (3.1%)

1.000

 Radiotherapy

1 (0.6%)

3 (1.9%)

0.357

2 (1.0%)

2 (1.6%)

0.641

 None

15 (8.7%)

3 (1.9%)

0.007

17 (8.3%)

1 (0.8%)

0.002

  1. Data are expressed as number (proportion), mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range). BMI body mass index, ASA American Society of Anesthesiologists, KPS Karnofsky performance status, delta; preoperative –postoperative, PNI prognostic nutritional index, MGMT O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase, EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor, IDH isocitrate dehydrogenase. Data are expressed as number (proportion), mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range). *: n = 172 in preoperative PNI low group, n = 160 in preoperative PNI high group, and n = 203 in postoperative PNI low group. †: n = 160 in preoperative PNI high group, and n = 205 in postoperative PNI low group, and n = 128 in postoperative PNI high group. ‡: n = 156 in preoperative PNI low group, n = 153 in preoperative PNI high group, and n = 187 in postoperative PNI low group, and n = 122 in postoperative PNI high group