Table 4 Subset analyses of survival of PUC patients based on age at diagnosis, AJCC 8th M stage, AJCC 8th stage groups and tumor size and sex

Overall cohort

n

Median Survival (month)

3-yr OS, %

5-yr OS, %

p value

1-yr

3-yr

5-yr

 No surgery of primary site

403

16 (14–20)

32.7 (28.2–38.0)

21.5 (17.4–26.7)

<0.001^{* a}

35.2

55.4

64.7

 Local therapy

532

39 (29–45)

51.0 (46.7–55.7)

39.8 (35.3–44.7)

0.001^{* b}

20.4

38.9

45.4

 Radical surgery of primary site

582

49 (42–60)

57.7 (53.4–62.3)

44.7 (40.1–49.7)

<0.001^{* c}

12.0

33.5

43.3

Age, yr

n

Median Survival (month)

3-yr OS, %

5-yr OS, %

p value

1-yr

3-yr

5-yr

 No surgery of primary site

178

21 (16–36)

40.9 (33.9–49.4)

24.7 (18.3–33.4)

<0.001^*

27.6

53.6

68.9

 Local therapy

184

105 (74-NA)

69.3 (62.5–76.7)

58.9 (51.4–67.4)

0.465

11.8

26.4

32.8

 Radical surgery of primary site

354

84 (56–117)

65.1 (59.9–70.8)

53.8 (48.1–60.3)

<0.001^*

10.5

29.2

38.0

 No surgery of primary site

225

12 (9–17)

26.4 (20.9–33.3)

19.2 (14.3–26.0)

<0.001^*

41.2

56.8

61.1

 Local therapy

348

25 (21–30)

41.6 (36.4–47.4)

30.0 (25.0–35.9)

0.059

24.8

45.3

51.9

 Radical surgery of primary site

228

32 (27–38)

45.8 (39.1–53.7)

30.1 (23.7–38.2)

<0.001^*

14.5

40.4

51.7

AJCC 8th M stage

n

Median Survival (month)

3-yr OS, %

5-yr OS, %

p value

1-yr

3-yr

5-yr

 No surgery of primary site

258

25 (20–31)

42.2 (36.2–49.1)

29.2 (23.5–36.2)

0.001^*

23.8

46.2

57.4

 Local therapy

451

44 (37–55)

54.8 (50.2–59.9)

42.7 (37.9–48.2)

0.002^*

15.3

34.0

40.9

 Radical surgery of primary site

517

54 (47–63)

61.0 (56.5–65.8)

47.0 (42.2–52.4)

<0.001^*

9.0

30.0

40.3

 No surgery of primary site

96

7 (5–9)

NA

NA

0.539

66.3

NA

NA

 Local therapy

38

7 (5–11)

NA

NA

0.007^*

71.1

NA

NA

 Radical surgery of primary site

22

10 (6–31)

NA

NA

0.040^*

52.2

NA

NA

AJCC stage groups

n

Median Survival (month)

3-yr OS, %

5-yr OS, %

p value

1-yr

3-yr

5-yr

 No surgery of primary site

106

30 (21–61)

48.4 (39.5–59.3)

39.6 (30.8–51.0)

0.392

19.4

35.9

42.0

 Local therapy

331

52 (43–65)

57.9 (52.6–63.8)

46.1 (40.5–52.5)

<0.001^*

13.3

29.5

35.6

 Radical surgery of primary site

215

102 (76-NA)

74.8 (68.7–81.6)

62.5 (55.2–70.6)

<0.001^*

2.0

14.7

24.7

 No surgery of primary site

206

14 (12–16)

25.2 (19.5–36.7)

12.9 (8.3–19.9)

0.053

44.6

68.1

79.7

 Local therapy

126

16 (11–23)

31.8 (24.0–42.0)

21.7 (17.4–32.0)

<0.001^*

38.6

62.1

69.7

 Radical surgery of primary site

315

35 (28–45)

48.3 (42.5–54.8)

34.3 (28.5–41.4)

<0.001^*

16.7

43.6

53.6

Tumor size, mm

n

Median Survival (month)

3-yr OS, %

5-yr OS, %

p value

1-yr

3-yr

5-yr

 No surgery of primary site

32

44 (28-NA)

60.4 (44.2–82.4)

34.5 (16.8–70.6)

0.340

19.5

35.5

61.4

 Local therapy

60

69 (35-NA)

61.9 (49.6–77.2)

52.7 (40.2–69.2)

0.086

9.1

26.2

30.8

 Radical surgery of primary site

136

NA

71.3 (63.2–80.4)

58.8 (49.4–70.1)

0.032^*

3.9

19.3

30.1

 No surgery of primary site

92

16 (12–25)

29.7 (21.1–41.8)

18.7 (11.4–30.5)

0.366

39.3

62.7

72.1

 Local therapy

62

19 (12–38)

36.4 (25.4–52.3)

21.9 (12.6–37.9)

0.005^*

30.8

53.2

60.5

 Radical surgery of primary site

252

37 (30–48)

50.0 (43.7–57.3)

37.7 (31.2–45.4)

<0.001^*

16.8

42.5

52.2

Sex

n

Median Survival (month)

3-yr OS, %

5-yr OS, %

p value

1-yr

3-yr

5-yr

 No surgery of primary site

233

16 (12–20)

32.7 (26.8–39.8)

23.2 (17.8–30.2)

<0.001^*

39.3

56.6

63.5

 Local therapy

385

38 (28–46)

51.1 (46.1–56.6)

39.1 (34.0–45.0)

0.025^*

21.4

38.8

45.0

 Radical surgery of primary site

333

46 (37–60)

55.8 (50.1–62.1)

42.5 (36.5–49.5)

<0.001^*

13.1

33.4

42.8

 No surgery of primary site

170

16 (15–25)

32.8 (26.1–41.2)

19.0 (13.2–27.5)

<0.001^*

29.7

53.8

66.7

 Local therapy

147

39 (25–76)

50.7 (42.5–60.5)

41.3 (33.1–51.6)

0.045^*

17.6

39.4

46.8

 Radical surgery of primary site

249

52 (44–84)

60.1 (53.9–67.1)

47.5 (40.9–55.1)

<0.001^*

10.6

33.6

43.7