|
Sociodemographic characteristics
|
|
Age (years)
|
54.3 (9.28)
|
57.7 (9.6)
|
< 0.001
|
55.0 (9.45)
|
|
Sex
|
Female
|
42.2% (140,035/331694)
|
55.5% (47,546/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
44.9% (187,581/417346)
|
|
Male
|
57.8% (191,659/331694)
|
44.5% (38,106/85652)
| |
55.1% (229,765/417346)
|
|
Income level
|
< 30%
|
28.5% (94,614/331694)
|
30% (25,732/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
28.8% (120,346/417346)
|
|
30–80%
|
34.9% (115,713/331694)
|
40.5% (34,656/85652)
| |
36% (150,369/417346)
|
|
> 80%
|
36.6% (121,367/331694)
|
29.5% (25,264/85652)
| |
35.1% (146,631/417346)
|
|
Physical examination
|
|
Body habitus
|
Normal (BMI < 25 kg/m2)
|
66.2% (219,447/331529)
|
64.2% (54,942/85617)
| |
65.8% (274,419/417217)
|
|
Overweight (25–30 kg/m2)
|
31.3% (103,922/331529)
|
32.6% (27,933/85617)
| |
31.6% (131,855/417217)
|
|
Obese (> 30 kg/m2)
|
2.5% (8130/331529)
|
3.2% (2742/85617)
| |
2.6% (10,943/417217)
|
|
Systolic BP (mmHg)
|
126.59 (17.19)
|
126.54 (17.17)
|
0.33
|
126.58 (17.18)
|
|
Diastolic BP (mmHg)
|
79.18 (11.15)
|
78.37 (10.82)
|
< 0.001
|
79.02 (11.09)
|
|
Blood test
|
|
AST (IU/L)
|
26.55 (15.92)
|
26.47 (17.37)
|
0.25
|
26.53 (16.23)
|
|
ALT (IU/L)
|
25.52 (19.45)
|
24.9 (20.63)
|
< 0.001
|
25.39 (19.7)
|
|
GGT (IU/L)
|
37.7 (51.85)
|
36.58 (53.85)
|
< 0.001
|
37.47 (52.27)
|
|
Total cholesterol (mg/dL)
|
198.32 (36.84)
|
199.45 (37.84)
|
< 0.001
|
198.55 (37.05)
|
|
Fasting blood glucose (mg/dL)
|
97.87 (28.9)
|
99.53 (28.12)
|
< 0.001
|
98.21 (28.75)
|
|
Hemoglobin (g/dL)
|
13.94 (1.49)
|
13.65 (1.51)
|
< 0.001
|
13.89 (1.5)
|
|
Habit
|
|
Smoking (pack-year)
|
5.96 (11.53)
|
4.6 (11.11)
|
< 0.001
|
5.68 (11.46)
|
|
Alcohol consumption (mL/week)
|
8.7 (18.7)
|
7.7 (19.1)
|
< 0.001
|
8.5 (18.8)
|
|
Exercise
|
Rarely
|
50.1% (162,668/324506)
|
56.4% (46,716/82888)
|
< 0.001
|
51.4% (209,384/407394)
|
|
1–2 per week
|
26.9% (87,443/324506)
|
22.2% (18,437/82888)
| |
26% (105,880/407394)
|
|
3–4 per week
|
12.1% (39,341/324506)
|
10.4% (8647/82888)
| |
11.8% (47,988/407394)
|
|
5–6 per week
|
3.2% (10,384/324506)
|
3.1% (2587/82888)
| |
3.2% (12,971/407394)
|
|
Almost everyday
|
7.6% (24,670/324506)
|
7.8% (6501/82888)
| |
7.7% (31,171/407394)
|
|
Family history
|
|
Liver disease
|
2.81% (8563/305086)
|
2.64% (2040/77356)
|
0.01
|
2.77% (10,603/382442)
|
|
Hypertension
|
9.16% (28,072/306539)
|
9.69% (7548/77870)
|
< 0.001
|
9.27% (35,620/384409)
|
|
Stroke
|
5.47% (16,738/305817)
|
5.55% (4310/77600)
|
0.38
|
5.49% (21,048/383417)
|
|
Heart disease
|
2.39% (7278/305106)
|
2.57% (1992/77365)
|
< 0.001
|
2.42% (9270/382471)
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
6.45% (19,729/306048)
|
6.8% (5280/77653)
|
< 0.001
|
6.52% (25,009/383701)
|
|
Cancer
|
13.14% (40,389/307443)
|
13.45% (10,498/78065)
|
0.02
|
13.2% (50,887/385508)
|
|
Underlying medical conditiona
|
|
Diabetes mellitus
|
6.07% (20,139/331694)
|
8.83% (7565/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
6.64% (27,704/417346)
|
|
Dyslipidemia
|
5.95% (19,725/331694)
|
10.45% (8950/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
6.87% (28,675/417346)
|
|
Chronic hepatitis virus infection
|
2.57% (8530/331694)
|
3.71% (3176/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
2.8% (11,706/417346)
|
|
Human Immunodeficiency virus
|
6.73% (22,314/331694)
|
10.6% (9079/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
7.52% (31,393/417346)
|
|
Schizophrenic or delusional disorders, or mental disorders due to psychoactive substance use
|
15.59% (51,714/331694)
|
25.57% (21,905/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
17.64% (73,619/417346)
|
|
Chronic liver disease
|
5.4% (17,927/331694)
|
8.21% (7033/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
5.98% (24,960/417346)
|
|
Alcoholic fatty liver disease
|
1.95% (6480/331694)
|
2.75% (2353/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
2.12% (8833/417346)
|
|
Non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases
|
3.01% (9996/331694)
|
5.07% (4345/85652)
|
< 0.001
|
3.44% (14,341/417346)
|
