Table 2 Pathological and surgery-related factors in patients with and without clinical mediastinal/abdominal lymph node metastases
Factor | Variables | All patients (N = 157) | cMLNMa | cALNMb | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Absent (N = 106) | Present (N = 51) | p value | Absent (N = 112) | Present (N = 45) | p value | |||
Pathological T factor | pT1 | 79 | 63 | 15 | 68 | 10 | ||
pT2 | 21 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 9 | |||
pT3 | 55 | 31 | 24 | 31 | 24 | |||
pT4a | 3 | 2 | 1 | 0.004* | 1 | 2 | 0.000* | |
Pathological N factor | pN0 | 77 | 65 | 12 | 70 | 7 | ||
pN1 | 49 | 25 | 24 | 30 | 19 | |||
pN2 | 25 | 12 | 13 | 11 | 14 | |||
pN3 | 6 | 4 | 2 | 0.000* | 1 | 5 | 0.000* | |
Lymphatic invasion | Absent | 99 | 70 | 29 | 79 | 20 | ||
Present | 58 | 36 | 22 | 0.292 | 33 | 25 | 0.003* | |
Vascular invasion | Absent | 79 | 61 | 18 | 60 | 19 | ||
Present | 78 | 45 | 33 | 0.011* | 52 | 26 | 0.22 | |
Intramural metastasis | Absent | 131 | 100 | 44 | 106 | 38 | ||
Present | 11 | 6 | 7 | 0.120 | 6 | 7 | 0.052 | |
Number of harvested lymph nodes | Mean ± SDc | 30.9 ± 13.1 | 29.7 ± 13.2 | 33.3 ± 12.6 | 0.051 | 30.0 ± 13.6 | 33.0 ± 11.5 | 0.071 |
Median (range) | 30.0 (10–99) | 28.0 (11–99) | 33.0 (10–63) | 28.5 (11–99) | 32.0 (10–58) | |||
Number of harvested cervical lymph nodes | Mean ± SD | 2.2 ± 5.2 | 1.4 ± 4.4 | 3.8 ± 6.3 | 0.002* | 2.2 ± 5.5 | 2.1 ± 4.6 | 0.362 |
Number of harvested mediastinal lymph nodes | Mean ± SD | 14.6 ± 8.0 | 14.7 ± 8.6 | 14.5 ± 6.8 | 0.856 | 14.9 ± 8.5 | 14.0 ± 6.7 | 0.867 |
Number of harvested abdominal lymph nodes | Mean ± SD | 14.1 ± 7.1 | 13.6 ± 6.6 | 15.0 ± 8.8 | 0.567 | 13.0 ± 6.4 | 16.7 ± 8.8 | 0.019* |
Number of lymph node metastases | Mean ± SD | 2.2 ± 6.9 | 1.8 ± 4.2 | 3.0 ± 6.1 | 0.000* | 1.3 ± 6.5 | 4.5 ± 7.1 | 0.000* |
Median (range) | 0.0 (0–69) | 0.0 (0–69) | 0.5 (0–39) | 0.0 (0–69) | 2.0 (0–39) | |||
Number of cervical lymph node metastases | Mean ± SD | 0.1 ± 0.3 | 0.0 ± 0.2 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.007* | 0.0 ± 0.3 | 0.1 ± 0.4 | 0.247 |
Number of mediastinal lymph node metastases | Mean ± SD | 0.8 ± 3.8 | 0.7 ± 4.4 | 1.1 ± 1.9 | 0.000* | 0.7 ± 4.3 | 1.2 ± 2.1 | 0.000* |
Number of abdominal lymph node metastases | Mean ± SD | 1.3 ± 3.9 | 1.1 ± 3.2 | 1.8 ± 4.9 | 0.011* | 0.5 ± 2.4 | 3.2 ± 5.8 | 0.000* |
Total operative time (min) | Mean ± SD | 429.5 ± 69.8 | 427.1 ± 69.6 | 434.5 ± 74.9 | 0.453 | 432.8 ± 69.7 | 431.5 ± 75.0 | 0.308 |
Median (range) | 435.0 (242–571) | 429.0 (248–571) | 440.0 (242–562) | 437.5 (291–563) | 431.0 (242–571) | |||
Total intraoperative bleeding (ml) | Mean ± SD | 247.9 ± 223.7 | 219.4 ± 198.7 | 307.0 ± 258.4 | 0.014* | 210.8 ± 142.7 | 360.0 ± 339.2 | 0.039* |
Median (range) | 174.0 (40–1553) | 160.0 (40–1553) | 269.0 (50–1511) | 161.5 (42–830) | 261.0 (40–1553) | |||
Length of postoperative hospital stay (days) | Median (range) | 15 (8–239) | 15 (8–106) | 19 (9–239) | 0.072 | 15 (8–239) | 18 (9–58) | 0.484 |