Fig. 1

Altered energy metabolism after metformin treatment. Non-transformed BALB/c cells were seeded in 10 cm cell culture dishes and allowed to grow confluent for 72 h. Afterwards, cells were treated with 1 or 10 mM metformin. Medium supernatant was collected after 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 h and cells were harvested for protein analysis. a Glucose concentration was measured and data are shown as mean + SD of 3 biological replicates. Statistical differences were calculated with a one-way ANOVA (post-hoc: Bonferroni or Dunnett-T3) with * = (p < 0.05) vs. control and # = (p < 0.05) vs. 1 mM metformin for each point in time. b Proteins were extracted and protein expression as well as phosphorylation levels of AMPK at Thr172 were detected via immunoblot in 3 biological replicates. After detection of p-AMPK, the membrane was stripped two times and re-probed with AMPK mAB and α-Tubulin mAB to confirm equal loading. Images shown are cropped from full-length blots represented in Additional file 2: Supplementary Figure 2