A nomogram predicting overall survival in patients with non-metastatic pancreatic head adenocarcinoma after surgery: a population-based study

Table 2 Univariate Cox analysis of prognostic factors in the training cohort

Variables	No. of patients	Overall survival	Univariate analysis
	N	mOS [IQR]	HR	95%CI	p value
Age			1.24	1.16–1.32	< 0.001
< 40	38	26 [19–35]
40–60	1010	23 [21–25]
60–80	2984	21 [20–22]
≥ 80	463	15 [13–18]
Gender			1.03	0.96–1.11	0.460
Female	2226	21 [20–22]
Male	2269	21 [20–22]
Race			1.02	0.96–1.08	0.576
White	3712	21 [20–22]
Black	411	22 [18–25]
Others	372	20 [18–23]
Grade			1.45	1.37–1.54	< 0.001
Well	476	32 [27–36]
Moderate	2355	24 [22–25]
Poor	1638	16 [15–17]
Undifferentiated	26	18 [11–26]
8th T stage			1.31	1.25–1.38	< 0.001
T1	739	31 [27–34]
T2	2798	21 [20–22]
T3	786	16 [15–17]
T4	172	16 [16–20]
8th N stage			1.44	1.37–1.51	< 0.001
N0	1321	30 [28–33]
N1	1823	20 [19–22]
N2	1351	16 [15–17]
Tumor size			1.5	1.39–1.63	< 0.001
Diameter ≤ 2.5	1547	26 [24–29]
Diameter > 2.5	2948	18 [18–20]
LNR			1.82	1.68–1.96	< 0.001
1	3086	24 [24–25]
2	1409	15 [14–16]
Radiotherapy			0.71	0.65–0.77	< 0.001
No/unkown	3054	19 [18–20]
Yes	1441	25 [23–27]
Chemotherapy			0.52	0.48–0.56	< 0.001
No/unkown	1133	12 [11–13]
Yes	3362	24 [23–25]

mOS: median overall survival; IQR: interquartile range; HR: Hazard Ratio; CI: Confidence Interval; LNR: lymph node ratio