Table 3 Prognostic factors for overall survival by using the Cox proportional hazard model
From: Surgical choice of non-small cell lung cancer with unexpected pleural dissemination intraoperatively
Variables | Univariable analysis | Multivariable analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% CI) | P value | HR (95% CI) | P value | |
Age | ||||
 > 65 vs ≤ 65 | 1.539 (0.904 - 2.619) | 0.112 | - | - |
Sex | ||||
 Male vs female | 1.982 (1.200 - 3.275) | 0.008 | 1.207 (0.616 - 2.368) | 0.582 |
Smoking status | ||||
 Yes vs no | 1.713 (1.035 - 2.835) | 0.036 | 1.228 (0.652 - 2.310) | 0.524 |
Comorbidities | ||||
 Yes vs no | 1.613 (0.930 - 2.799) | 0.089 | 1.580 (0.886 - 2.815) | 0.121 |
Pathological type | ||||
 Adeno vs non-adeno | 1.879 (0.982 - 3.596) | 0.291 | 1.110 (0.527 - 2.338) | 0.783 |
Clinical T stage | ||||
 3-4 vs 1-2 | 2.841 (1.620 - 4.982) | <0.001 | 1.959 (1.044 -3.678) | 0.036 |
Clinical N stage | ||||
 1-2 vs 0 | 1.516 (0.936 - 2.455) | 0.091 | 1.010 (0.593 - 1.722) | 0.969 |
Approach | ||||
 VATS vs thoracotomy | 0.674 (0.401 - 1.134) | 0.137 | - | - |
Pleural effusion | ||||
 Yes vs no | 2.555 (1.561 - 4.180) | <0.001 | 1.573 (0.856 - 2.893) | 0.144 |
Surgical method | ||||
 Tumor resection vs open-close | 0.408 (0.251 - 0.662) | <0.001 | 0.521 (0.288 - 0.943) | 0.031 |
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy | ||||
 Yes vs no | 0.908 (0.284 - 2.898) | 0.870 | - | - |
Adjuvant chemotherapy | ||||
 Yes vs no | 0.612 (0.353 - 1.063) | 0.024 | 0.285 (0.148 - 0.548) | < 0.001 |
Adjuvant targeted therapy | ||||
 Yes vs no | 0.249 (0.141 - 0.439) | <0.001 | 0.193 (0.093 - 0.400) | < 0.001 |