Fig. 5From: Mitochondrial DNA abnormalities provide mechanistic insight and predict reactive oxygen species-stimulating drug efficacyDetailed view of the complex I variation C12084T (S442F). S442 is located at the core of complex I within the mitochondrial DNA encoded MT-ND4 subunit. MT-ND4 is shown in bright green. The wild type S442 is shown in orange sticks and spheres (a & c, respectively) and the mutant F442 is shown in red (b & d). Phenylalanine is bigger than serine due to its aromatic side chain and is likely to disrupt and repel the hydrophobic F438 residue within MT-ND4, which is predicted to affect the stability of complex IBack to article page