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Table 3 Univariate mediation analysis of selected metabolites, adjusted for age and gender

From: The mediation effect of serum metabolites on the relationship between long-term smoking exposure and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Metabolites

NDE

PNDE

NIE

PNIE

TE

PTE

%TE

Ever smoking

       

Carnitine (9:0)

1.011

0.010

0.103

0.141

1.114

0.003

9.25

Histidine

0.896

0.051

0.609

0.002

1.505

< 0.001

40.47

Glutamine

0.847

0.032

0.363

0.001

1.210

0.002

30.00

Smoking index

       

PG (14:1/7:0)

1.09E-03

0.008

2.18E-04

0.345

1.31E-03

0.003

16.64

Carnitine (9:0)

1.15E-03

0.008

1.12E-04

0.064

1.27E-03

0.004

8.82

Histidine

8.62E-04

0.059

5.74E-04

< 0.001

1.44E-03

0.002

39.86

Glutamine

9.54E-04

0.031

3.97E-04

< 0.001

1.35E-03

0.002

29.41

Cholic acid

1.15E-03

0.008

1.14E-04

0.016

1.27E-03

0.003

8.98

  1. NDE, natural direct effect
  2. NIE, natural indirect effect
  3. TE, total effect
  4. % TE: the proportion of total effect explained by each mediator, calculated as NIE/TE