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Table 1 Patient characteristics (N = 127)

From: Complete remission of metastatic osteosarcoma using combined modality therapy: a retrospective analysis of unselected patients in China

Items

Number of patients

Percentage (%)

p for 2-y EFSa

Sex

  

0.759

 Male

83

65.4

 

 Female

44

34.7

 

Age (median: 15.0 years)

Range: 5–56 (Q1, Q3, 15.1, 18.0) years

0.025

  < 40 years

124

97.6

 

  ≥ 40 years

3

2.4

 

Pathological Subtypes

  

0.526

 Conventional:chondroblastic

12

9.4

 

 Conventional: osteoblastic

78

61.4

 

 Conventional: not defined

24

18.9

 

 Telangiectatic

5

3.9

 

 Small cell

3

2.4

 

 High-grade surface

1

0.8

 

 Missing

4

3.1

 

Primary site

  

0.328

 Distal femur

62

48.8

 

 Proximal tibia and/or fibula

38

29.9

 

 Proximal femur

4

3.2

 

 Proximal humerus

9

7.1

 

 Axial skeleton

7

5.5

 

 Maxillofacial site

1

0.8

 

 Others

6

4.7

 

 Total number of pulmonary nodules for observation

605

100

0.963

Lung metastasis

  

0.464

  ≤ 5 nodules

88

69.3

 

  > 5 nodules

39

30.7

 

Lung metastasis

  

0.063

 Monolateral

48

37.8

 

 Bilateral

79

62.2

 

Local therapy for pulmonary nodules

  

0.476

 Resectionb

42 (85 nodules)

33.1

 

 Radiotherapyc

79 (520 nodules)

62.2

 

  Combined with resection and radiotherapy

6

4.7

 

Missing nodules during follow-upd

52

7.9 (52/657)

N/Ai

 For resection

15

15.0 (15/100)

 

 For radiotherapy

37

6.6 (37/557)

 

  Failed local resectione

8

9.4 (8/85)

 

  Failed local radiotherapyf

14

2.7 (14/520)

 

Dmaxg for pulmonary nodule/nodules

  

0.286

 3–5 mm

18

14.1

 

 5–10 mm

29

22.8

 

 10–20 mm

50

39.4

 

  > 20 mm

30

23.6

 

Systematic treatment during local therapy of pulmonary noduesh

  

0.426

 MAPI first-line chemotherapy

56

44.1

 

 IE second-line chemotherapy

53

41.7

 

 Targeted therapy

13

10.2

 

 Combination of TKIS and IE chemo

4

3.2

 

None

1

0.8

 

 Median time for follow-up (months)

32.4

(95% CI: 30.8, 36.1)

(Range: 10.4, 106.5)

  1. a2-y EFS: 2-year event-free survival, which was calculated from start of the local therapy (resection or radiotherapy) to any kind of progression as defined by RECIST 1.1
  2. bPulmonary metastasectomies were video-assisted thoracoscopic Surgery (VATS)
  3. cRadiotherapy usually involves GammaKnife or Cyber Knife with radio-dose > 60 Gy
  4. dBy comparing initial chest thin-layer computed tomography (CT) before local therapy and during follow-up, we observed that nodules had resolved or were undetectable with local treatment, most of which were observed as tiny or blurry nodules or even hardly been detected between infection and malignancy and would relapse after stopping systemic treatment
  5. eFailed local resection: local tumor relapse where previous tumor resection had been done
  6. fFailed local radiotherapy: local tumor relapse where previous radiation had been performed for curative tumor eradication
  7. gPatients were classified into four groups based on maximal nodule diameter: 1) 3 mm–5 mm; 2) 5 mm–10 mm; 3) 10 mm–20 mm; 4) > 20 mm
  8. hAt the Musculoskeletal Tumor Center of Peking University People’s Hospital and Peking University Shougang Hospital, a chemo-protocol that includes high-dose methotrexate, cisplatin, doxorubicin, and ifosfamide (MAPI) is used as first-line chemotherapy (seen in appendix Fig. 1); ifosfamide and etoposide (IE) as second-line systematic therapy; anti-angiogenesis tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) such as apatinib, anlotinib, cabozantinib, and regorafenib as third-line therapy; the combination of TKIs and IE chemotherapy as fourth-line therapy
  9. iData not available
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BMC Cancer

ISSN: 1471-2407

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