Table 5 Results of studies on benzene exposure and specific type of myeloid malignancy*
Reference | Exposure category | AML | CML | MDS | MPN | Myeloid leukemia | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Point estimate | 95% CI | Point estimate | 95% CI | Point estimate | 95% CI | Point estimate | 95% CI | Point estimate | 95% CI | ||
Adegoke 2003 [37] | > 15 yrs | 2.9 | 1.2–7.0 | 5 | 1.8–13.9 | ||||||
Albin 2003 [38] | High exp | 0.95 | 0.54–1.7 | ||||||||
Blair 2001 [39] | High exp. | 1.1 | 0.3–3.9 | 0 | – | 2.6 | 0.7–9.7 | ||||
Bjork 2001a [40] | Exposed | 1.2 | 0.66–2.3 | ||||||||
Bonzini 2019 [41] | 20+ years | 2.05 | 0.66–6.36 | 1.34 | 0.17–8.80 | 1.98 | 0.82–4.75 | ||||
Collins 2015 [42] | 25+ ppm-yrs | 1.39 | 0.17–5.03 | 25.1 | 0.63–139.6 | 1.93 | 0.53–4.94 | ||||
Copley 2017 [43] | > 12 ppm | 3.47 | 1.65–7.28 | ||||||||
Costantini 2008 [44] | M/H exp | 0.9 | 0.4–2.3 | ||||||||
Divine 1999 [45] | Exposed | 1.29 | 0.79–1.99 | 1.05 | 0.54–1.83 | ||||||
Divine 2000 [46] | Exposed | 1.92 | 1.10–3.13 | 0.94 | 0.34–2.05 | ||||||
Guenel 2002 [47] | > 5.5 unit-yrs | 2.4 | 0.7–8.5 | 1.2 | 0.1–11.4 | ||||||
Huebner 2009 [48] | Exposed | 1.07 | 0.84–1.36 | 1.01 | 0.67–1.47 | 1.64 | 0.78–3.01 | ||||
Ireland 1997† [49] | ≥ 72 ppm-mo | 4.5 | 0.1–25.3 | ||||||||
Kirkeleit 2008 [50] | Exposed | 2.89 | 1.25–6.67 | 1.44 | 0.19–10.7 | ||||||
Linet 2015 [51] | Exposed | 2.1 | 0.9–5.2 | 2.5 | 0.8–10.7 | ∞ | 1.9-∞ | 2.2 | 1.1–4.6 | ||
McCraw 1985 [52] | Exposed | 3.94 | 1.72–7.88 | 1.21 | 0.02–6.96 | ||||||
Poynter 2017 [53] | ≥ 5 years | 1.77 | 1.19–2.63 | 2.10 | 1.35–3.28 | ||||||
Rhomberg 2016 [54] | ≥ 80.11 ppm-yrs (0 lag) | 10.11 | 3.71–22.01 | ||||||||
≥ 74.55 ppm-yrs (10 yr lag) | 10.76 | 3.95–23.43 | |||||||||
≥ 73.53 ppm-yrs (20 yr lag) | 6.37 | 1.31–18.61 | |||||||||
Rushton 2014 [55] | > 2.93 ppm-yrs | 1.39 | 0.68–2.85 | ||||||||
> 0.259 ppm | 1.90 | 0.86–4.18 | |||||||||
> 28 yrs | 1.70 | 0.75–3.87 | |||||||||
> 0.413 max ppm | 1.65 | 0.75–3.63 | |||||||||
Saberi Hosnijeh 2013 [33] | Exposed | 1.52 | 0.78–1.81 | 1.97 | 0.75–5.19 | 1.60 | 0.95–2.69 | ||||
Sathiakumar 1995 [56] | Exposed | 2.8 | 1.1–7.3 | 1.6 | 0.43–5.9 | 2.1 | 1.0–4.3 | ||||
Satin 1996 [57] | Exposed | 0.63 | 0.30–1.15 | 0.84 | 0.31–1.84 | ||||||
Schnatter 2012 [58] | > 2.93 ppm-yrs | 2.20 | 0.63–7.68 | 4.33 | 1.31–14.3 | 1.79 | 0.68–4.74 | ||||
> 0.259 ppm | 0.91 | 0.25–3.28 | 3.12 | 0.90–10.8 | 1.17 | 0.39–3.52 | |||||
> 28 yrs | 1.42 | 0.35–5.67 | 1.74 | 0.61–4.99 | 0.82 | 0.25–2.73 | |||||
> 0.413 max ppm | 0.59 | 0.15–2.37 | 2.81 | 0.79–10.1 | 0.85 | 0.28–2.61 | |||||
Stenehjem 2015 [59] | ≥0.124 ppm-yrs | 4.85 | 0.88–27.0 | 2.24δ§ | 0.65–7.71 | ||||||
≥13 yrs | 0.97 | 0.08–11.0 | 1.47§ | 0.37–5.88 | |||||||
> 0.013 ppm | 3.47 | 0.63–19.0 | 1.66§ | 0.48–5.74 | |||||||
Strom 2005 [60] | High exp | 2.05 | 1.20–3.51 | ||||||||
Talibov 2014 [34] | > 13.6 ppm-yrs | 0.80 | 0.56–1.15 | ||||||||
Teras 2019 [61] | ≥1.49 μg/m3 | 0.98 | 0.68–1.42 | 1.28 | 0.86–1.92 | 0.89 | 0.67–1.19 | ||||
Wong 1993 [62] | Exposed (marine) | 0.74 | 0.24–1.73 | 1.33 | 0.36–3.4 | ||||||
Exposed (land) | 1.51 | 0.80–2.57 | 0.26 | 0.01–1.43 | |||||||
Wong 2001a [63] | Exposed | 1.47 | 0.76–2.57 | 1.31 | 0.43–3.07 | ||||||
Wong 2001b [64] | Exposed | 0.45 | 0.01–2.53 | 1.96 | 0.24–7.07 | ||||||
Wong 2010 [65] | Exposed | 1.43 | 1.05–1.93 | ||||||||