Table 2 Hazard Ratio (HR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) of Disease-Specific Survival Following Initial GEP-NET Treatment, SEER-Medicare 1995–2010; Small Intestine Not Otherwise Specified: SI NOS; National Cancer Institute: NCI

 low

Ref

 medium

0.72 (0.57–0.91)

 high

0.62 (0.42–0.94)

 female

Ref

 male

1.33 (1.07–1.65)

 65–69

Ref

 70–74

1.29 (0.99–1.70)

 75–79

1.23 (0.93–1.63)

 80–84

1.24 (0.86–1.77)

 85–89

2.03 (1.35–3.07)

 90–94

2.10 (0.93–4.75)

 cecum

Ref

 stomach

0.74 (0.49–1.11)

 duodenum

1.10 (0.55–2.25)

 jejunum/ileum

0.42 (0.27–0.65)

 SI NOS*

0.54 (0.33–0.90)

 appendix

0.73 (0.36–1.50)

 colon

1.00 (0.73–1.35)

 rectum

0.79 (0.56–1.12)

 pancreas

0.88 (0.54–1.43)

 surgery

Ref

 endoscopy

0.87 (0.51–1.47)

 chemotherapy

1.19 (0.81–1.75)

 radiation therapy

2.72 (1.70–4.35)

 somatostatin analogue

1.47 (1.04–2.10)

 surgery and endoscopy

0.85 (0.46–1.57)

 surgery and chemotherapy

0.91 (0.35–2.37)

 surgery and radiation therapy

1.84 (1.13–2.98)

 surgery, endoscopy, and chemotherapy

10.07 (6.91–14.674)

 0

Ref

 1–2

1.31 (1.05–1.64)

 3+

1.70 (1.24–2.34)

 well-differentiated

Ref

 moderately-differentiated

1.81 (1.28–2.58)

 poorly-differentiated

3.82 (2.75–5.32)

 local

Ref

 regional

1.76 (1.16–2.69)

 distant

5.61 (3.72–8.46)

 no

Ref

 yes

1.20 (0.97–1.48)

 no

Ref

 yes

0.49 (0.18–1.30)