Table 3 Knowledge about cervical cancer risk factors, signs and symptoms, and prevention and control stratified by health worker’s qualifications
Variables | Total, N = 285 (%) | Nurses, N = 153 (53%) | Midwives, N = 80 (28%) | CO, N = 52 (18%) | χ2 | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adequate knowledge score ≥ mean (18 marks) | 171 (60) | 93 (61) | 48 (60) | 30 (58) | 0.16 | 0.93 |
Risk factors for cervical cancer | ||||||
 Infection with HPV | 244 (85) | 130 (85) | 66 (82.5) | 48 (92) | 2.57 | 0.28 |
Smoking cigarette | 120 (42) | 54 (35) | 36 (45) | 30 (58) | 8.37 | 0.02 |
 Infection with HIV | 235 (82) | 124 (81) | 66 (82.5) | 45 (87) | 0.81 | 0.69 |
 Having multiple deliveries | 189 (66) | 110 (72) | 50 (62.5) | 29 (56) | 5.24 | 0.07 |
 Early age at first delivery | 177 (62) | 92 (60) | 55 (69) | 30 (58) | 2.18 | 0.35 |
 Early age at sexual debut | 264 (92) | 139 (91) | 74 (93 | 51 (98) | 2.97 | 0.22 |
 Long-term use of oral contraceptives pills | 65 (23) | 35 (23) | 21 (26) | 9 (17) | 1.43 | 0.49 |
 Infection with Chlamydia trachomatis | 142 (50) | 83 (54) | 35 (44) | 24 (46) | 2.66 | 0.26 |
 Having multiple sexual partners | 283 (99) | 153 (100) | 78 (98) | 52 (100) | 5.16 | 0.08 |
Signs and symptoms of cervical cancer | ||||||
 Foul-smelling vaginal discharge | 237 (83) | 124 (81) | 69 (86) | 44 (85) | 1.11 | 0.58 |
 Bleeding after menopause | 260 (91) | 138 (90) | 73 (91) | 49 (94) | 0.79 | 0.70 |
 Bleeding after sexual intercourse | 266 (93) | 143 (93) | 73 (91) | 50 (96) | 1.22 | 0.54 |
 Abnormal vaginal bleeding between period | 237 (83) | 126 (82) | 67 (84) | 44 (85) | 0.17 | 0.92 |
Unexplained weight loss | 174 (61) | 95 (62) | 41 (51) | 38 (73) | 6.46 | 0.04 |
Prevention and control of cervical cancer | ||||||
 Vaccination against HPV | 282 (99) | 152 (99) | 78 (97.5) | 52 (100) | 2.40 | 0.30 |
 Correct age group for HPV vaccination according to Uganda Ministry of Health | 250 (87) | 138 (90) | 68 (84) | 44 (85) | 2.33 | 0.31 |
 Using condom during sexual encounter | 234 (82) | 126 (82) | 66 (82.5) | 42 (81) | 0.08 | 0.96 |
 Avoiding multiple sexual partners | 280 (98) | 149 (97) | 79 (98) | 52 (100) | 1.37 | 0.74 |
 Delaying initiation of sex after 18 years | 220 (77) | 114 (75) | 62 (77.5) | 44 (85) | 2.26 | 0.32 |
 Male circumcision | 249 (87) | 134 (88) | 68 (85) | 47 (90) | 0.84 | 0.66 |
 Avoiding prolong use of oral contraceptive pills | 81 (28) | 41 (27) | 28 (35) | 12 (23) | 2.63 | 0.27 |
 Avoiding smoking cigarette | 133 (47) | 64 (42) | 40 (50) | 29 (56) | 3.53 | 0.17 |
Avoiding multiple deliveries/births | 193 (68) | 113 (74) | 54 (67.5) | 26 (50) | 10.11 | 0.01 |
 Early screening | 277 (97) | 148 (97) | 78 (97.5) | 51 (98) | 0.30 | 0.86 |
Correct age group for screening using VIA according to Uganda Ministry of Health | 46 (16) | 19 (12) | 20 (25) | 7 (13) | 6.23 | 0.04 |