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Table 2 Prognostic factors for overall and cancer-specific survival

From: Population-based SEER analysis of survival in colorectal cancer patients with or without resection of lung and liver metastases

 

overall survival using Cox regression

cancer-specific survival using Cox regression

unadjusteda

full modelb

unadjusteda

full modelb

HR (95% CI)

pc

HR (95% CI)

pc

HR (95% CI)

pc

HR (95% CI)

pc

Resection

No

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Yes

0.62 (0.58–0.65)

 

0.75 (0.70–0.80)

 

0.62 (0.58–0.66)

 

0.75 (0.70–0.80)

 

Metastasis

Liver only

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Lung only

0.78 (0.70–0.86)

 

0.69 (0.62–0.76)

 

0.75 (0.68–0.84)

 

0.67 (0.60–0.75)

 

Liver and Lung

1.62 (1.51–1.74)

 

1.58 (1.47–1.69)

 

1.64 (1.52–1.76)

 

1.59 (1.48–1.71)

 

Tumor localization

Right

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Transverse

0.91 (0.84–0.98)

 

1.01 (0.93–1.09)

 

0.91 (0.84–0.98)

 

1.01 (0.93–1.10)

 

Left

0.61 (0.57–0.65)

 

0.77 (0.72–0.82)

 

0.61 (0.57–0.65)

 

0.77 (0.72–0.82)

 

Rectosigmoid

0.58 (0.53–0.64)

 

0.72 (0.66–0.80)

 

0.58 (0.53–0.64)

 

0.73 (0.66–0.80)

 

Rectum

0.46 (0.42–0.50)

 

0.75 (0.68–0.83)

 

0.46 (0.41–0.50)

 

0.75 (0.68–0.83)

 

T-Stage

T1 to T3

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

T4

1.60 (1.52–1.69)

 

1.44 (1.37–1.52)

 

1.74 (1.62–1.87)

 

1.47 (1.40–1.56)

 

N-Stage

N0

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

N1

1.64 (1.54–1.76)

 

1.57 (1.47–1.69)

 

1.74 (1.62–1.87)

 

1.65 (1.53–1.78)

 

Grade

G1/2

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

G3/4

1.73 (1.63–1.82)

 

1.50 (1.42–1.59)

 

1.77 (1.67–1.87)

 

1.53 (1.44–1.62)

 

Chemo- and/or

No

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Radiotherapy

Yes

0.29 (0.27–0.30)

 

0.34 (0.32–0.36)

 

0.30 (0.28–0.31)

 

0.35 (0.33–0.37)

 

Year of diagnosis

2010–2012

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

0.044

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

0.052

2013–2015

0.89 (0.84–0.94)

 

0.94 (0.89–1.00)

 

0.89 (0.84–0.94)

 

0.94 (0.89–1.00)

 

Age (years)

< 50

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

50–64

1.24 (1.14–1.34)

 

1.12 (1.03–1.21)

 

1.21 (1.12–1.31)

 

1.10 (1.01–1.19)

 

65–79

1.71 (1.58–1.85)

 

1.35 (1.25–1.47)

 

1.62 (1.50–1.76)

 

1.29 (1.19–1.41)

 

80+

3.59 (3.28–3.94)

 

1.96 (1.77–2.17)

 

3.35 (3.05–3.69)

 

1.85 (1.67–2.05)

 

Gender

male

Reference

0.106

Reference

0.048

Reference

0.034

Reference

0.2227

female

1.04 (0.99–1.10)

 

0.95 (0.90–1.00)

 

1.06 (1.00–1.12)

 

0.97 (0.92–1.02)

 

Ethnicity

Caucasian

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

0.001

African-American

1.15 (1.08–1.24)

 

1.11 (1.04–1.20)

 

1.15 (1.08–1.24)

 

1.11 (1.03–1.20)

 

other/unknown

0.91 (0.83–1.00)

 

0.91 (0.83–0.99)

 

0.90 (0.82–0.99)

 

0.89 (0.81–0.98)

 

Marital status

married

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

Reference

< 0.001

single

1.46 (1.38–1.55)

 

1.21 (1.14–1.28)

 

1.45 (1.36–1.53)

 

1.20 (1.13–1.28)

 

other/unknown

1.12 (1.05–1.21)

 

1.05 (0.98–1.13)

 

1.09 (1.01–1.17)

 

1.02 (0.94–1.10)

 
  1. Hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) of Wald type
  2. aunivariate Cox regression analysis; bmultivariable Cox regression analysis; clikelihood ratio test
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