Table 4 Clinicopathological parameters related to tumor recurrence

Age (yrs)

62.4 ± 9.9

64.4 ± 8.9

0.258

 Male

37 (63.8%)

36 (59.0%)

0.729

 Female

21 (36.2%)

25 (41.0%)

Original location (epicenter)

0.347

 Periampullary duodenum

2 (3.4%)

1 (1.6%)

 AOV

20 (34.5%)

16 (26.2%)

 Pancreatic head

15 (25.9%)

16 (26.2%)

 Distal CBD

19 (32.8%)

28 (45.9%)

 Proximal CBD

2 (3.4%)

0 (0.0%)

Revised location (epicenter)

NA

 AOV

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

 Pancreatic head

20 (34.5%)

14 (23.0%)

 Distal CBD

38 (65.5%)

47 (77.0%)

Combined location (epicenter)

NA

 AOV

0 (0.0%)

0 (0.0%)

 Pancreatic head

17 (34.7%)

13 (26.5%)

 Distal CBD

32 (65.3%)

36 (73.5%)

Original T stage

0.536

 Tis

1 (1.7%)

0 (0.0%)

 T1

13 (22.4%)

8 (13.1%)

 T2

14 (24.1%)

15 (24.6%)

 T3

28 (48.3%)

35 (57.4%)

 T4

2 (3.4%)

3 (4.9%)

Gross type

NA

 Fungating

12 (21.4%)

8 (13.3%)

 Infiltrative

37 (66.1%)

50 (83.3%)

 Ulcerofungating

2 (3.6%)

1 (1.7%)

 Sessile

3 (5.4%)

1 (1.7%)

 Solid

2 (3.6%)

0 (0.0%)

 Absent

54 (93.1%)

55 (90.2%)

0.805

 Present

4 (6.9%)

6 (9.8%)

Average tumor size

3.0 ± 1.5

3.3 ± 1.7

0.199

Tumor size < 4.5 cm

47 (81.0%)

44 (72.1%)

0.353

  ≥ 4.5 cm

11 (19.0%)

17 (27.9%)

Radial resection margin Absent

56 (96.6%)

57 (93.4%)

0.722

 Present

2 (3.4%)

4 (6.6%)

No. of positive lymph nodes

0.7 ± 1.2

1.2 ± 1.8

0.073

No. of dissected lymph nodes

11.6 ± 7.4

11.2 ± 7.0

0.730

 N0

38 (65.5%)

34 (55.7%)

0.366

 N1

20 (34.5%)

27 (44.3%)

 M0

55 (94.8%)

60 (98.4%)

0.575

 M1

3 (5.2%)

1 (1.6%)

Lymphatic invasion Absent

38 (65.5%)

30 (49.2%)

0.106

 Present

20 (34.5%)

31 (50.8%)

 Absent

51 (87.9%)

53 (86.9%)

1.000

 Present

7 (12.1%)

8 (13.1%)

Perineural invasion Absent

27 (46.6%)

26 (42.6%)

0.805

 Present

31 (53.4%)

35 (57.4%)

Histologic grade

0.845

 Well differentiated

17 (29.3%)

17 (27.9%)

 Moderately differentiated

37 (63.8%)

38 (62.3%)

 Poorly differentiated

4 (6.9%)

6 (9.8%)

Degree of fibrosis

0.020*

 None

4 (6.9%)

0 (0.0%)

 Mild

11 (19.0%)

9 (14.8%)

 Moderate

36 (62.1%)

33 (54.1%)

 Severe

7 (12.1%)

19 (31.1%)

Degree of inflammation

0.415

 Mild

21 (36.2%)

28 (45.9%)

 Moderate

30 (51.7%)

29 (47.5%)

 Severe

7 (12.1%)

4 (6.6%)

Histologic subtype

0.932

 Pancreaticobiliary subtype

8 (14.0%)

21 (34.4%)

 Prone to pancreaticobiliary subtype

29 (50.9%)

28 (45.9%)

 Prone to intestinal subtype

10 (17.5%)

8 (13.1%)

 Intestinal subtype

10 (17.5%)

4 (6.6%)

 Negative

8 (13.8%)

2 (3.3%)

0.145

 1+

5 (8.6%)

5 (8.2%)

 2+

10 (17.2%)

17 (27.9%)

 3+

35 (60.3%)

37 (60.7%)

 Negative

28 (48.3%)

42 (68.9%)

0.110

 1+

15 (25.9%)

7 (11.5%)

 2+

8 (13.8%)

7 (11.5%)

 3+

7 (12.1%)

5 (8.2%)

 Negative

13 (22.4%)

21 (34.4%)

0.086

 1+

18 (31.0%)

23 (37.7%)

 2+

10 (17.2%)

10 (16.4%)

 3+

17 (29.3%)

7 (11.5%)

 Negative

51 (87.9%)

56 (91.8%)

0.692

 Positive

7 (12.1%)

5 (8.2%)

SOX2 (nuclear) Negative

5 (8.6%)

6 (9.8%)

0.497

 1+

31 (53.4%)

31 (50.8%)

 2+

20 (34.5%)

24 (39.3%)

 3+

2 (3.4%)

0 (0.0%)

SOX2 (cytoplasmic) Negative

30 (51.7%)

32 (52.5%)

0.107

 1+

24 (41.4%)

29 (47.5%)

 2+

4 (6.9%)

0 (0.0%)

 Negative

4 (6.9%)

2 (3.3%)

0.728

 1+

37 (63.8%)

37 (60.7%)

 2+

15 (25.9%)

20 (32.8%)

 3+

2 (3.4%)

2 (3.3%)

 1+

12 (20.7%)

14 (23.0%)

0.943

 2+

34 (58.6%)

34 (55.7%)

 3+

12 (20.7%)

13 (21.3%)

 Negative

7 (12.1%)

6 (9.8%)

0.778

 1+

32 (55.2%)

38 (62.3%)

 2+

16 (27.6%)

14 (23.0%)

 3+

3 (5.2%)

3 (4.9%)

 1+

3 (5.2%)

4 (6.6%)

0.697

 2+

22 (37.9%)

27 (44.3%)

 3+

33 (56.9%)

30 (49.2%)

 1+

6 (10.3%)

10 (17.2%)

0.547

 2+

38 (65.5%)

36 (62.1%)

 3+

14 (24.1%)

12 (20.7%)

CD44v6 Negative

6 (10.3%)

6 (9.8%)

0.927

 1+

18 (31.0%)

22 (36.1%)

 2+

21 (36.2%)

19 (31.1%)

 3+

13 (22.4%)

14 (23.0%)