Fig. 3

Differentially abundant bacteria were identified between ALL patients and healthy controls. OTU abundances were normalized and compared using Deseq2 analysis pipeline. OTUs with log2 fold change (FC) > 4, base mean > 20 and FDR-adjusted q-values < 0.1 were considered significantly different. Comparison between pre-chemo and control groups identified 13 OTUs that were lower in abundances while 9 OTUs that were higher in abundances in the pre-chemo samples (a). Comparison between post-chemo and controls groups identified 5 OTUs that were lower in abundances while one OTU was higher in abundance in the post-chemo samples (b). The 9 OTUs that were most abundant among the pre-chemo samples belong to Bacteroides genus. Changes in relative abundance of Bacteroides genus in each ALL patient were tracked before, during and after cessation of chemotherapy (c)