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Table 3 Multivariate Analyses of Prognostic Factors of tumor-related death among 568 patients using the ENETS, 8th AJCC, 7th AJCC and m7th AJCC staging systems including four tumor stages for pNECs

From: Validation and modification of staging Systems for Poorly Differentiated Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

Characteristic

ENETS

8th AJCC

7th AJCC

m7th AJCC

HR (95% CI)

P

HR (95% CI)

P

HR (95% CI)

 

HR (95% CI)

P

Age, years

  < 60

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

  ≥ 60

1.63 (1.33–2.00)

< 0.001

1.64 (1.34–2.01)

< 0.001

1.66 (1.35–2.03)

< 0.001

1.66 (1.35–2.03)

< 0.001

Sex

 Female

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 Male

1.16 (0.95–1.41)

0.15

1.16 (0.95–1.41)

0.15

1.14 (0.94–1.40)

0.18

1.14 (0.94–1.40)

0.18

Race

 Black

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 White

0.65 (0.48–0.88)

0.01

0.66 (0.49–0.90)

0.01

0.67 (0.50–0.91)

0.01

0.67 (0.50–0.91)

0.01

 Other

0.65 (0.43–0.99)

0.04

0.68 (0.45–1.04)

0.07

0.68 (0.45–1.03)

0.07

0.68 (0.45–1.03)

0.07

Location

 Body and tail

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 Head

1.63 (1.29–2.08)

< 0.001

1.61 (1.27–2.05)

< 0.001

1.60 (1.26–2.03)

< 0.001

1.60 (1.26–2.04)

< 0.001

 Others

1.67 (1.29–2.15)

< 0.001

1.68 (1.30–2.17)

< 0.001

1.67 (1.21–2.15)

< 0.001

1.67 (1.29–2.16)

< 0.001

Stage

 I

1

 

1

 

1

 

1

 

 II

3.27 (0.77–14.02)

0.11

0.74 (0.41–1.34)

0.32

1.08 (0.60–1.94)

0.80

1.23 (0.73–2.06)

0.44

 III

2.23 (0.54–9.18)

0.27

1.81 (0.97–3.38)

0.06

2.06 (0.94–4.52)

0.07

2.20 (1.06–4.56)

0.03

 IV

9.59 (2.38–38.71)

0.002

4.14 (2.52–6.79)

< 0.001

4.62 (2.73–7.83)

< 0.001

4.95 (3.20–7.65)

< 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: AJCC American Joint Committee on Cancer; ENETS European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society; m7th AJCC modified 7th AJCC; pNECs poorly differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas; HR hazard ratio; CI confidence interval