Table 5 Risk factors for submucosal invasion in patients with early gastric cancer following Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection
Clinico-pathologic parameters | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | p-value | OR (95% CI) | p-value | |
Tumor location | ||||
 Lower one third | 1 (Reference) |  | 1 (Reference) |  |
 Middle or Upper third | 8.28 (3.15–21.75) | <  0.001 | 8.88 (2.90–27.17) | <  0.001 |
Gross tumor type | ||||
  Group 1 | 1 (Reference) |  | 1 (Reference) |  |
  Group 2 | 4.35 (1.25–15.13) | 0.021 | 3.59 (0.84–15.45) | 0.086 |
Ulceration status | ||||
 Absent | 1 (Reference) |  |  1 (Reference) |  |
 Present | 4.20 (1.69–10.41) | 0.002 | 3.70 (1.15–11.90) | 0.028 |
Size of tumor | ||||
 ≤ 2 cm | 1 (Reference) |  |  1 (Reference) |  |
 >  2 cm | 3.77 (1.66–8.57) | 0.002 | 2.94 (1.08–8.02) | 0.036 |
Differentiation | ||||
 Differentiated | 1 (Reference) |  | 1 (Reference) |  |
 Undifferentiated | 6.33 (2.65–15.14) | <  0.001 | 6.51 (2.23–18.98) | 0.001 |