Table 1 Baseline characteristics
IRD (N = 127) | RD (N = 217) | p1 | |
|---|---|---|---|
Sex, n (%) | n = 127 | n = 217 | |
Male | 72 (56.7%) | 107 (49.3%) | 0.219 |
Female | 55 (43.3%) | 110 (50.7%) | |
Age (at treatment initiation), n (%) | n = 127 | n = 217 | |
≤ 65 | 57 (44.9%) | 80 (36.9%) | 0.004 |
66–75 | 59 (46.5%) | 89 (41.0%) | |
> 75 | 11 (8.7%) | 48 (22.1%) | |
Median (min–max) | 66.0 (41.0–84.0) | 68.0 (41.0–90.0) | 0.002 |
M-protein type, n (%) | n = 126 | n = 217 | |
IgG | 82 (65.1%) | 132 (60.8%) | 0.470 |
IgA | 22 (17.5%) | 37 (17.1%) | |
LC only | 18 (14.3%) | 42 (19.4%) | |
Othera | 4 (3.2%) | 6 (2.8%) | |
Light chain type, n (%) | n = 126 | n = 216 | |
Kappa | 78 (61.9%) | 142 (65.7%) | 0.122 |
Lambda | 44 (34.9%) | 73 (33.8%) | |
Biclonal | 4 (3.2%) | 1 (0.5%) | |
ISS stage (at treatment initiation), n (%) | n = 108 | n = 175 | |
Stage 1 | 51 (47.2%) | 63 (36.0%) | 0.136 |
Stage 2 | 28 (25.9%) | 62 (35.4%) | |
Stage 3 | 29 (26.9%) | 50 (28.6%) | |
ECOG performance status, n (%) | n = 124 | n = 197 | |
0 | 19 (15.3%) | 22 (11.2%) | 0.093 |
1 | 84 (67.7%) | 120 (60.9%) | |
2 | 19 (15.3%) | 44 (22.3%) | |
3–4 | 2 (1.6%) | 11 (5.6%) | |
Creatinine level (umol/l), n (%) | n = 126 | n = 205 | |
≤ 176 | 118 (93.7%) | 179 (82.5%) | 0.092 |
> 176 | 8 (6.3%) | 26 (12.0%) | |
Median (min–max) | 88.0 (31.0–668.0) | 90.0 (45.0–902.0) | 0.340 |
Extramedullary mass, n (%) | n = 127 | n = 210 | |
No | 109 (85.8%) | 196 (93.3%) | 0.034 |
Yes | 18 (14.2%) | 14 (6.7%) | |
Number of previous lines of treatment, n (%) | n = 127 | n = 217 | |
1 | 73 (57.5%) | 123 (56.7%) | 0.823 |
2 | 30 (23.6%) | 54 (24.9%) | |
3 | 11 (8.7%) | 23 (10.6%) | |
4 | 8 (6.3%) | 8 (3.7%) | |
≥ 5 | 5 (3.9%) | 9 (4.1%) | |
Median (min–max) | 1.0 (1.0–9.0) | 1.0 (1.0–7.0) | 0.979 |
Previous treatment, n (%) | n = 127 | n = 217 | |
ASCT | 79 (62.0%) | 94 (43.3%) | < 0.001 |
PI (bortezomib or carfilzomib) | 123 (96.9%) | 198 (91.2%) | 0.047 |
Bortezomib | 120 (94.5%) | 195 (89.9%) | 0.162 |
Carfilzomib | 6 (4.7%) | 6 (2.8%) | 0.371 |
IMiD (lenalidomide or thalidomide or pomalidomide) | 64 (50.4%) | 120 (55.3%) | 0.433 |
Lenalidomide | 22 (17.3%) | 33 (15.2%) | 0.648 |
Thalidomide | 55 (43.3%) | 105 (48.4%) | 0.373 |
Pomalidomide | 2 (1.6%) | – | 0.136 |
Disease status, n (%) | n = 120 | n = 193 | |
Relapsed | 95 (79.2%) | 134 (69.4%) | 0.067 |
Refractory | 25 (20.8%) | 59 (30.6%) | |
➣ Primary refractory | 10 (40.0%) | 25 (42.4%) | 1.000 |
➣ Relapsed and refractory | 15 (60.0%) | 34 (57.6%) |