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Table 2 Standardized mortality ratios for each cause of death after bladder cancer diagnosis

From: Short-term mortality risks among patients with non-metastatic bladder cancer

 

Timing of deaths after diagnosis

< 1 Year

1–3 Years

Total

Cause of death

No. Observeda

SMR (95% CI)

No. Observeda

SMR (95% CI)

No. Observeda

SMR (95% CI)

All causes of death

2289

3.13 (3.00–3.26)b

1890

2.41 (2.30–2.52)b

4179

2.76 (2.67–2.84)b

Bladder cancer-specific death

1278

188.61 (178.41–199.24)b

914

124.91 (116.94–133.28)b

2192

155.54 (149.09–162.19)b

Second-cancer death

229

1.50 (1.32–1.71)b

270

1.67 (1.48–1.88)b

499

1.59 (1.45–1.74)b

Non-cancer causes of death

 Septicemia

18

1.69 (1.00–2.67)b

20

1.74 (1.06–2.69)b

38

1.72 (1.21–2.36)b

 Other infectious diseases

20

3.69 (2.25–5.69)b

11

1.94 (0.97–3.47)

31

2.79 (1.90–3.97)b

 Diabetes mellitus

30

1.45 (0.98–2.07)

22

1 (0.62–1.51)

52

1.22 (0.91–1.60)

 Alzheimer disease

25

0.76 (0.49–1.12)

27

0.73 (0.48–1.06)

52

0.74 (0.56–0.98)b

 Diseases of the heart

262

1.35 (1.19–1.52)b

255

1.23 (1.08–1.39)b

517

1.29 (1.18–1.4)b

 Hypertension without heart disease

16

1.84 (1.05–2.99)b

8

0.85 (0.37–1.68)

24

1.33 (0.85–1.97)

 Cerebrovascular diseases

47

1.18 (0.87–1.57)

37

0.86 (0.61–1.19)

84

1.02 (0.81–1.26)

 Pneumonia and influenza

29

1.67 (1.12–2.40)b

16

0.88 (0.5–1.42)

45

1.26 (0.92–1.69)

 Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

71

1.52 (1.18–1.91)b

77

1.53 (1.21–1.92)b

148

1.52 (1.29–1.79)b

 Chronic liver disease and cirrhosis

11

1.67 (0.83–2.99)

9

1.27 (0.58–2.4)

20

1.46 (0.89–2.26)

 Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome and nephrosis

29

1.90 (1.27–2.72)b

16

0.98 (0.56–1.6)

45

1.43 (1.04–1.91)b

 Symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions

6

0.77 (0.28–1.67)

7

0.90 (0.36–1.86)

13

0.84 (0.44–1.43)

 Accidents and adverse effects

19

0.86 (0.52–1.35)

19

0.80 (0.48–1.24)

38

0.83 (0.59–1.14)

 Suicide and self-inflicted injury

7

1.41 (0.57–2.90)

11

2.07 (1.04–3.71)b

18

1.75 (1.04–2.77)b

 Other cause of death

167

1.34 (1.14–1.56)b

147

1.09 (0.92–1.29)

314

1.21 (1.08–1.35)b

  1. Abbreviation: SMR standardized mortality ratio
  2. aValues indicate the number of patients with cancer who died from each cause of death
  3. bP < 0.05