Table 4 Multivariable Cox regression model for factors associated with overall survival and cancer-specific survival in patients with lung cancer
Variable | Overall survival | Cancer specific survival | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
HR (95% Confidence Limit) | P value | HR (95% Confidence Limit) | P value | |
Age group | ||||
< =60 | Reference | Reference | ||
61–70 | 1.1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.0005 | 1.1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.0061 |
71–80 | 1.1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.0012 | 1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.2039 |
> 80 | 1.1 (1.1 to 1.2) | < 0.0001 | 1.1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.0037 |
Sex | ||||
Female | Reference | Reference | ||
Male | 1.2 (1.2 to 1.2) | < 0.0001 | 1.2 (1.2 to 1.2) | < 0.0001 |
Year of diagnosis | 1 (1 to 1) | 0.0012 | 1 (1 to 1) | 0.1635 |
CCI score | ||||
0 | Reference | Reference | ||
1 | 1 (0.9 to 1) | 0.2999 | 1 (0.9 to 1) | 0.145 |
> 1 | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.2) | < 0.0001 | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.2) | < 0.0001 |
Cardiovascular disease | ||||
Yes | Reference | Reference | ||
No | 1.1 (1.1 to 1.2) | < 0.0001 | 1.1 (1.1 to 1.1) | < 0.0001 |
Histology | ||||
Adenocarcinoma | Reference | Reference | ||
SCC | 1.1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.0182 | 1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.2506 |
SCLC | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.7) | < 0.0001 | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.7) | < 0.0001 |
Carcinoid/LCNE | 0.7 (0.7 to 0.8) | < 0.0001 | 0.8 (0.7 to 0.9) | < 0.0001 |
Large cell ca | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.4) | 0.0011 | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.5) | 0.0005 |
Others | 1.2 (1.2 to 1.3) | < 0.0001 | 1.2 (1.2 to 1.3) | < 0.0001 |
T stage | ||||
T0 | Reference | Reference | ||
T1 | 1.3 (1 to 1.6) | 0.0394 | 1.1 (0.9 to 1.4) | 0.2457 |
T2 | 1.8 (1.5 to 2.3) | < 0.0001 | 1.8 (1.4 to 2.2) | < 0.0001 |
T3 | 2.5 (2 to 3.1) | < 0.0001 | 2.4 (1.9 to 3) | < 0.0001 |
T4 | 2.6 (2.1 to 3.2) | < 0.0001 | 2.5 (2 to 3.1) | < 0.0001 |
Unknown | 1.8 (1.4 to 2.2) | < 0.0001 | 1.7 (1.4 to 2.2) | < 0.0001 |
N stage | ||||
N0 | Reference | Reference | ||
N1 | 1.4 (1.3 to 1.5) | < 0.0001 | 1.5 (1.4 to 1.6) | < 0.0001 |
N2 | 1.8 (1.7 to 1.8) | < 0.0001 | 1.9 (1.8 to 1.9) | < 0.0001 |
N3 | 1.8 (1.7 to 1.9) | < 0.0001 | 1.9 (1.8 to 2) | < 0.0001 |
Unknown | 1.6 (1.5 to 1.7) | < 0.0001 | 1.7 (1.5 to 1.8) | < 0.0001 |
M stage | ||||
M0 | Reference | Reference | ||
M1 | 1.9 (1.8 to 1.9) | < 0.0001 | 2 (1.9 to 2.1) | < 0.0001 |
Unknown | 0.9 (0.8 to 1) | 0.2007 | 0.9 (0.8 to 1.1) | 0.2776 |
Lateral | ||||
Bilateral | Reference | Reference | ||
Left | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.5) | 0.0001 | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.5) | 0.0014 |
Right | 1.3 (1.2 to 1.5) | < 0.0001 | 1.3 (1.1 to 1.5) | 0.0005 |
Unknown | 2 (1.7 to 2.4) | < 0.0001 | 1.9 (1.6 to 2.3) | < 0.0001 |
Surgery type | ||||
Pneumonectomy | Reference | Reference | ||
Lobectomy or segmental | 0.7 (0.6 to 0.9) | 0.0002 | 0.6 (0.5 to 0.8) | < 0.0001 |
Non-surgery | 2.8 (2.4 to 3.3) | < 0.0001 | 2.7 (2.3 to 3.3) | < 0.0001 |
Chemotherapy | ||||
No | Reference | Reference | ||
Yes | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | < 0.0001 | 0.4 (0.4 to 0.4) | < 0.0001 |
Radiation | ||||
No | Reference | Reference | ||
Yes | 0.6 (0.6 to 0.7) | < 0.0001 | 0.6 (0.6 to 0.7) | < 0.0001 |
Surgery institution type | ||||
Academic | Reference | Reference | ||
Community | 1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.44 | 1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.069 |
Driving time (hours) | ||||
1 | Reference | Reference | ||
2 | 1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.5613 | 1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.4693 |
3 | 0.9 (0.8 to 1) | 0.0215 | 0.9 (0.8 to 1) | 0.0073 |
Zone name | ||||
Calgary | Reference | Reference | ||
Central | 1.1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.004 | 1.1 (1 to 1.1) | 0.03 |
Edmonton | 1.1 (1 to 1.1) | < 0.0001 | 1.1 (1.1 to 1.1) | < 0.0001 |
North | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.3) | < 0.0001 | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.3) | < 0.0001 |
South | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.3) | < 0.0001 | 1.2 (1.1 to 1.3) | < 0.0001 |
Education levela | ||||
< = 80% | Reference | Reference | ||
> 80% | 1 (1 to 1) | 0.3769 | 1 (1 to 1) | 0.5999 |
Income level | ||||
< = 46 k | Reference | Reference | ||
> 46 k | 1 (1 to 1) | 0.9992 | 1 (1 to 1) | 0.8051 |