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Table 2 The prognostic factors identified in the univariate and multivariate Cox regression models in the training cohort incorporating covariates identified by the smallest AIC value

From: A nomogram for predicting survival in patients with de novo metastatic breast cancer: a population-based study

Characteristics

Univariate Cox analysis

Multivariate Cox analysis

Hazard ratio

95%CI

p value

Hazard ratio

95%CI

p value

Age

 < =40

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 < =60

1.328

1.148

1.537

< 0.001

1.231

1.062

1.427

0.006

 > 60

1.870

1.621

2.159

< 0.001

1.724

1.483

2.003

< 0.001

Race

 White

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 black

1.394

1.268

1.533

< 0.001

1.275

1.154

1.407

< 0.001

 Othersa

0.884

0.756

1.033

0.122

0.922

0.788

1.079

0.311

Marital status

 Unmarriedb

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 Married

0.666

0.616

0.719

 

0.751

0.694

0.813

 

Histology

 IDC

R

  

0.189

Not included

   

 ILC

0.916

0.801

1.048

0.202

    

 IDC and ILC

0.882

0.738

1.053

0.164

    

Grade

 I

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 II

1.228

1.036

1.454

0.018

1.401

1.180

1.662

< 0.001

 III/IV

1.743

1.476

2.058

< 0.001

1.792

1.504

2.135

< 0.001

Subtype

 HR+/HER2-

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 HR−/HER2+

0.988

0.860

1.135

0.862

0.972

0.835

1.132

0.715

 HR+/HER2+

0.801

0.717

0.895

< 0.001

0.832

0.739

0.938

0.003

 HR−/HER2-

1.926

2.649

3.232

< 0.001

2.969

2.642

3.337

< 0.001

T stage

 T1

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

0.001

 T2

1.005

0.878

1.151

0.938

1.011

0.882

1.159

0.875

 T3

1.162

1.003

1.345

0.045

1.059

0.913

1.229

0.450

 T4

1.507

1.321

1.720

< 0.001

1.213

1.059

1.389

0.005

N stage

 N0

R

  

0.244

Not included

   

 N1

0.930

0.811

1.066

0.298

    

 N2

0.827

0.685

0.998

0.047

    

 N3

0.966

0.810

1.151

0.696

    

Bone metastasis

 No

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 Yes

0.856

0.787

0.932

 

1.208

1.099

1.327

 

Brain metastasis

 No

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 Yes

2.314

2.040

2.626

 

1.962

1.724

2.233

 

Liver metastasis

 No

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 Yes

1.534

1.416

1.661

 

1.728

1.586

1.883

 

Lung metastasis

 No

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 Yes

1.570

1.453

1.697

 

1.335

1.228

1.452

 

Surgery

 No

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 BCS

0.547

0.476

0.628

< 0.001

0.606

0.526

0.699

< 0.001

 Mastectomy

0.724

0.654

0.802

< 0.001

0.762

0.686

0.845

< 0.001

Radiotherapy

 No/Unknown

R

  

0.003

Not included

   

 Yes

0.885

0.818

0.958

     

chemotherapy

 No/Unknown

R

  

< 0.001

R

  

< 0.001

 Yes

0.674

0.624

0.727

 

0.564

0.516

0.617

 
  1. aOther races included American Indian/Alaska Native, Asian or Pacific Islander
  2. bUnmarried included divorced, separated, widowed, single (never married) or domestic partner