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Table 2 Crude and adjusted hazard ratios for the association between the use of antipsychotics and breast cancer-specific mortality

From: Post-diagnostic antipsychotic use and cancer mortality: a population based cohort study

 

Users

Non-Users

Unadjusted HR (95% CI)

Adjusted a

HR (95% CI)

N

Person years

Cancer deaths

N

Person years

Cancer deaths

All antipsychotics

848

3190

165

22,847

123,106

2896

2.42 (2.07–2.83)

2.25 (1.90–2.67)

 1–182 DDDs v non-user

638

2271

148

22,847

123,106

2896

2.95 (2.50–3.48)

2.56 (2.15–3.04)

 182+ DDDs v non-user

210

919

17

22,847

123,106

2896

0.95 (0.59–1.53)

0.93 (0.56–1.53)

1st generation antipsychotics

558

2288

124

23,137

124,008

2937

2.62 (2.19–3.13)

2.41 (2.00–2.91)

 1–182 DDDs v non-user

462

1787

115

23,137

124,008

2937

3.04 (2.52–3.67)

2.69 (2.22–3.25)

 182+ DDDs v non-user

96

501

9

23,137

124,008

2937

0.94 (0.49–1.80)

0.92 (0.47–1.81)

 Fupentixol

108

507

14

23,587

125,789

3047

1.36 (0.81–2.30)

1.45 (0.85–2.45)

 Promazine

162

447

45

23,533

125,849

3016

4.82 (3.59–6.47)

3.34 (2.48–4.50)

 Trifluoperazine

71

432

10

23,624

125,865

3051

1.11 (0.60–2.07)

1.12 (0.60–2.10)

 Haloperidol

142

400

50

23,553

125,896

3011

5.71 (4.32–7.56)

4.42 (3.32–5.89)

2nd generation antipsychotics

377

1264

45

23,318

125,032

3016

1.60 (1.19–2.15)

1.26 (0.91–1.73)

 1–182 DDDs v non-user

251

810

37

23,318

125,032

3016

1.96 (1.41–2.71)

1.48 (1.05–2.08)

 182+ DDDs v non-user

126

454

8

23,318

125,032

3016

0.87 (0.43–1.73)

0.70 (0.34–1.44)

 Olanzapine

138

546

18

23,557

125,750

3043

1.57 (0.99–2.50)

1.25 (0.76–2.03)

 Risperidone

130

463

17

23,565

125,833

3044

1.67 (1.04–2.69)

1.27 (0.78–2.07)

 Quetiapine

133

360

12

23,562

125,937

3049

1.55 (0.88–2.73)

1.20 (0.67–2.13)

1st generation antipsychotics only

471

1926

120

22,847

123,106

2896

2.94 (2.44, 3.53)

2.75 (2.28, 3.32)

2nd generation antipsychotics only

290

902

41

22,847

123,106

2896

1.95 (1.43, 2.65)

1.67 (1.21, 2.32)

1st and 2nd generation use

87

362

4

22,847

123,106

2896

0.64 (0.24, 1.69)

0.57 (0.21, 1.54)

Prolactin elevating antipsychotics b

668

2644

139

23,027

123,652

2922

2.50 (2.11–2.96)

2.27 (1.90–2.72)

 1–182 DDDs v non-user

568

2127

130

23,027

123,652

2922

2.84 (2.38–3.39)

2.47 (2.06–2.96)

 182+ DDDs v non-user

100

518

9

23,027

123,652

2922

0.91 (0.47–1.76)

0.92 (0.47–1.81)

Prolactin-sparing antipsychotics c

267

869

30

23,428

125,427

3031

1.58 (1.10–2.27)

1.27 (0.87–1.87)

 1–182 DDDs v non-user

144

420

22

23,428

125,427

3031

2.24 (1.47–3.40)

1.75 (1.14–2.69)

 182+ DDDs v non-user

123

448

8

23,428

125,427

3031

0.88 (0.44–1.75)

0.70 (0.34–1.44)

  1. a Model contains age, year of diagnosis, treatment within 6 months (separate variables for radiootherapy, chemotherapty, surgery, tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitor use), comorbidities (prior to diagnosis including serious mental illness, chronic pulmonary disease, diabetes, renal disease, cerebrovascular disease, peripheral vascular disease, myocardial infarction, peptic ulcer disease and liver disease), hormonal medication use (oral contraceptive and hormone replacement therapy, prior to diagnosis), other medication use (statin and aspirin as time varying covariates) and deprivation (in fifths)
  2. b Prolactin elevating antipsychotics included chlorpromazine,flupentixol,fluphenazine, haloperidol, pericyazine, perphenazine, pimozide, pipotiazine, promazine, trifluoperazine, zuclopenthixol, amisulpride, risperidone and sulpiride
  3. c Prolactin non-elevating antipsychotics included aripiprazole, olanzapine, quetiapine and sertindole
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BMC Cancer

ISSN: 1471-2407

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