Table 2 Perioperative outcomes and recurrence according to tumor location: overall cohort and matched cohort
Variables | Overall patients | Matched patients | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
LRC (n = 138) | M/HRC (n = 235) | P value | LRC (n = 99) | M/HRC (n = 99) | P value | |
Type of operation, n (%) | <0.001 | <0.001 | ||||
Restorative | 41 (29.7) | 228 (97.0) | 32 (32.3) | 95 (96.0) | ||
Non-restorative | 97 (70.3) | 7 (3.0) | 67 (67.7) | 4 (4.0) | ||
Operation time (range) (min) | 231 (136–468) | 182 (77–375) | <0.001 | 231 (136–435) | 200 (77–375) | <0.001 |
Blood loss (range) (ml) | 50 (10–300) | 50 (5–2000) | <0.001 | 50 (10–300) | 50 (5–600) | 0.015 |
Protective ostomy in LAR, n (%) | 36/41 (87.8) | 106/228 (46.5) | <0.001 | 28/32 (87.5) | 52/95 (54.7) | 0.001 |
Harvested lymph nodes, n (%) | <0.001 | 0.437 | ||||
<12 | 55 (39.9) | 49 (20.9) | 32 (32.3) | 27 (27.3) | ||
≥12 | 83 (60.1) | 186 (79.1) | 67 (67.7) | 72 (72.7) | ||
Distal resection margin (cm), n (%) | 0.616 | 0.756 | ||||
<1 | 6 (4.3) | 13 (5.5) | 5 (5.1) | 6 (6.1) | ||
≥ 1 | 132 (95.7) | 222 (94.5) | 94 (94.9) | 93 (93.9) | ||
Positive CRM, n (%) | 4 (2.9) | 3 (1.3) | 0.431 | 3 (3.0) | 3 (3.0) | 1.000 |
Conversions, n (%) | 2 (1.4) | 8 (3.4) | 0.334 | 1 (1.0) | 4 (4.0) | 0.369 |
Operative complications, n (%) | 24 (17.4) | 24 (10.2) | 0.046 | 16 (16.2) | 8 (8.1) | 0.082 |
Reoperation, n (%) | 6 (4.3) | 3 (1.3) | 0.082 | 4 (4.0) | 1 (1.0) | 0.369 |
Postoperative LOS (range) (days) | 9 (5–26) | 9 (3–33) | 0.172 | 9 (5–26) | 8 (3–33) | 0.011 |
30-day mortality, n (%) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.000 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 1.000 |
Recurrence, n (%) | 35 (25.4)a | 34 (14.5)b | 0.009 | 28 (28.3)a | 14 (14.1)b | 0.015 |
Local recurrence | 9 (6.5) | 4 (1.7) | 0.019 | 9 (9.1) | 4 (4.0) | 0.251 |
Distant metastasis | 28 (20.3) | 32 (13.6) | 0.090 | 21 (21.2) | 12 (12.1) | 0.086 |
Lung | 7 (5.1) | 10 (4.3) | 0.715 | 6 (6.1) | 5 (5.1) | 0.756 |
Liver | 1 (0.7) | 6 (2.6) | 0.267 | 1 (1.0) | 2 (2.0) | 1.000 |
Other site | 6 (4.3) | 4 (1.7) | 0.182 | 3 (3.0) | 1 (1.0) | 0.621 |
Multiple organs | 14 (10.1) | 12 (5.1) | 0.065 | 11 (11.1) | 4 (4.0) | 0.104 |