Table 1 Clinicopathological features of stage I testicular germ cell tumor patients put on surveillance strategy
Variables | Cohort (n = 70) |
|---|---|
Age [years (median, interquartile range)] | 32 (28–39) |
Laterality (n, %) | |
Right | 37/70 (52.9) |
Left | 33/70 (47.1) |
Pre-operative serum AFP (n, %) | |
Within normal range | 49/70 (70.0) |
Elevated | 21/70 (30.0) |
Pre-operative serum β-HCG (n, %) | |
Within normal range | 43/69 (62.3) |
Elevated | 26/69 (37.7) |
Histologic subtypes (n, %) | |
Pure seminoma | 28/70 (40.0) |
Pure embryonal carcinoma | 16/70 (22.9) |
Pure postpubertal-type yolk sac tumor | 1/70 (1.4) |
Pure postpubertal-type teratoma | 2/70 (2.9) |
Mixed tumor, with embryonal carcinoma component | 17/70 (24.3) |
Mixed tumor, without embryonal carcinoma component | 6/70 (8.5) |
Tumor size [cm (median, interquartile range)] | 3.0 (2.0–4.3) |
Rete testis invasion (n, %) | |
Absent | 50/66 (75.8) |
Present | 16/66 (24.2) |
Vascular invasion (n, %) | |
Absent | 44/69 (63.8) |
Present | 25/69 (36.2) |
Relapse (n, %) | |
No | 42/70 (60.0) |
Yes | 28/70 (40.0) |
Type of relapse (n, %) | |
Early | 24/28 (85.7) |
Late | 4/28 (14.3) |
Site of relapse (n, %) | |
Only serum markers | 7/28 (25.0) |
Serum markers + PAoLN | 6/28 (21.4) |
Serum markers + Lung | 2/28 (7.2) |
Only PAoLN | 9/28 (32.1) |
Only Lung | 3/28 (10.7) |
PAoLN + Lung | 1/28 (3.6) |
Treatment performed for relapses (n, %) | |
Refused therapy | 1/28 (3.6) |
Only chemotherapy (+/− radiotherapy) | 23/28 (82.1) |
Chemotherapy + RPLND | 3/28 (10.7) |
Chemotherapy + Lung resection | 1/28 (3.6) |
Vital status at last follow-up (n, %) | |
A-NED | 67/70 (95.7) |
D-NED | 1/70 (1.4) |
DFD | 2/70 (2.9) |