Risk factors of metachronous brain metastasis in patients with EGFR-mutated advanced non-small cell lung cancer

BMC Cancer

Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analyses for the factors associated with risks for metachronous BM

Factors	Univariate analysis Incidence of BM (%)			Multivariate analysis Incidence of BM (%)
Factors	HR	95%CI	P	HR	95%CI	P
Gender: female VS male	1.139	0.556–2.337	0.772	1.495	0,506–4.421	0.467
Age, years	0.963	0.931–0.995	0.023
> 49 VS ≤ 49	0.341	0.162–0.720	0.005	0.396	0.167–0.938	0.035
KPS score: < 80 VS ≥80	0.045	0.000–40.173	0.371
BMI	1.035	0.922–1.161	0.562	1.057	0.919–1.216	0.436
Smoking: yes VS no	0.798	0.353–1.801	0.586	1.302	0.384–4.408	0.672
Tumor markers level before treatment
CEA (ng/ml)	1.000	0.999–1.000	0.685	1.000	0.999–1.000	0.294
CA125 (ng/ml)	1.000	0.998–1.001	0.498
NSE (ng/ml)	1.014	0.985–1.043	0.351
First-line treatment regimen
Chemotherapy VS EGFR-TKI	2.296	1.050–5.018	0.037	0.504	0.153–1.660	0.260
Type of EGFR mutations			0.071			0.061
19-del VS L858R	0.579	0.263–1.277	0.176	0.490	0.201–1.194	0.116
Other^a VS L858R	1.968	0.703–5.508	1.968	2.408	0.566–10.246	0.234
Clinical stages: IIIB VS. IV	0.501	0.152–1.653	0.257
Type of EGFR-TKIs			0.262
Erlotinib VS Gefitinib	0.422	0.118–1.503	0.183
Icotinib VS Gefitinib	0.460	0.109–1.946	0.292
NO. of extracranial metastasis
0–2 VS 3 or more	0.523	0.181–1.514	0.232	0.200	0.056–0.713	0.013
Location of extracranial metastasis
Pleural effusion	3.245	1.300–8.098	0.012	5.283	1.854–15.053	0.002
Liver	1.066	0.371–3.062	0.906
Adrenal	0.242	0.033–1.779	0.163
Bone	1.161	0.558–2.413	0.690
Lung	1.543	0.685–3.475	0.295
Other	1.332	0.317–5.605	0.696

Abbreviation: BM brain metastasis, KPS Karnofsky Performance Status, CI confidence interval, EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor, WBRT whole brain radiation therapy, SRS stereotactic radiosurgery, NSE neuron-specific enolase, TKI tyrosine kinase inhibitor
^aUncommon EGFR mutations, including 20-ins (7 pts), G719X (3 pts), L816Q (2 pts), G863D (1 pt), K846R (1 pt), V765A (2 pts)

ISSN: 1471-2407