Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients and nodules
Characteristics | Training dataset (n = 147) | Validation dataset (n = 63) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 51.9 ± 11.3 | 49.0 ± 11.0 | 0.079 |
Sex | |||
Male | 60 (40.8%) | 16 (25.4%) | 0.041 |
Female | 87 (59.2%) | 47 (74.6%) | |
Pathological results | |||
Benign | 53 (36.1%) | 24 (38.1%) | 0.876 |
Malignant | 94 (63.9%) | 39 (61.9%) | |
Maximum Diameter (mm) | 7.8 ± 1.8 | 7.5 ± 1.9 | 0.273 |
Location | |||
Left-upper lobe | 43 (29.3%) | 14 (22.2%) | 0.301 |
Left-lower lobe | 19 (12.9%) | 14 (22.2%) | |
Right-upper lobe | 48 (32.7%) | 23 (36.5%) | |
Right-middle lobe | 13 (8.8%) | 6 (9.5%) | |
Right-lower lobe | 24 (16.3%) | 6 (9.5%) | |
Involvement of pleuraa | |||
Pleural indentation without pleural thickness | 25 (17.0%) | 10 (15.9%) | 0.967 |
Pleural indentation with pleural thickness | 4 (2.7%) | 2 (3.2%) | |
Absence | 118 (80.3%) | 51 (81.0%) | |
Nodule consistency | |||
GGN | 45 (30.6%) | 23 (36.5%) | 0.565 |
Solid | 60 (40.8%) | 26 (41.3%) | |
Part-solid GGN | 42 (28.6%) | 14 (22.2%) | |
Shapea | |||
Regular | 141 (98.6%) | 61 (96.8%) | 1.000 |
Irregular | 6 (4.1%) | 2 (3.2%) | |
Margins | |||
Lobulation | 10 (6.8%) | 4 (6.3%) | 0.546 |
Spiculation | 27 (18.4%) | 5 (7.9%) | |
Both | 15 (10.2%) | 4 (6.3%) | |
Absence | 95 (64.6%) | 50 (79.4%) | |
Cavitya | |||
Presence | 3 (2.0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.556 |
Absence | 144 (98.0%) | 63 (100%) | |
Calcification | |||
Presence | 3 (1.9%) | 0 (0%) | 0.556 |
Absence | 144 (100%) | 63 (100%) | |
Intranodular changesa | |||
Necrosis | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.177 |
Consolidation | 0 (0%) | 0 (3.2%) | |
Vacuoles | 15 (10.2%) | 2 (3.2%) | |
Air bronchogram | 5 (3.4%) | 2 (3.2%) | |
Absence | 127 (86.4%) | 59 (93.7%) | |
Bronchial disruptiona | |||
Presence | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0.300 |
Absence | 147 (100%) | 62 (98.4%) | |
Unclear | 0 (0%) | 1 (1.6%) | |
Vessel convergence sign | |||
Presence | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.000 |
Absence | 147 (100%) | 63 (100%) | |