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Table 3 Subgroup analysis of association between EBV infection and gastric cancer risk

From: Association between Epstein-Barr virus infection and gastric cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Characteristics

Categories

No. of Studies

Pooled OR (95% CI)

Heterogeneity test

I2%, p-value

Differences between subgroups; χ2 test

(p-value)

Overall

–

20

18.56 (15.68–21.97)

55.4%, P < 0.01

–

Sex

Male

8

14.07 (10.46–18.93)

49.0%, P = 0.06

P = 0.06

Female

8

21.47 (15.55–29.63)

0%, P = 0.55

Study location

America

5

15.69 (10.82–22.74)

57.4%, P = 0.05

P = 0.33

Asia

9

21.00 (16.77–26.30)

59.1%, P = 0.01

Europe

6

17.23 (13.19–22.51)

5.6%, P = 0.38

Development status

Developed countries

10

17.31 (13.38–22.40)

58.7%, P < 0.01

P = 0.46

Developing countries

10

19.73 (15.56–25.03)

56.2%, P = 0.01

Lauren’s histological type

Intestinal type

10

15.07 (9.55–23.78)

62.0%, P < 0.01

P = 0.27

Diffuse type

10

10.69 (7.14–16.00)

79.0%, P < 0.01

Tumor anatomical location

Cardia

10

6.65 (5.18–8.52)

21.8%, P = 0.24

P = 0.46

Body

10

6.31 (2.38–16.69)

97.0%, P < 0.01

Antrum

11

15.55 (4.12–58.62)

98.2%, P < 0.01

Depth of invasion

Early

3

5.87 (2.78–12.40)

45.8%, P = 0.16

P < 0.01†

Advanced

3

19.94 (13.31–29.85)

22.9%, P = 0.27

Tumor stage

I + II

2

33.50 (10.85–103.46)

73.8%, P = 0.05

P = 0.52

III + IV

2

22.26 (13.05–37.96)

24.6%, P = 0.25

Lymph node invasion

Absent

3

16.98 (9.02–31.95)

1.3%, P = 0.36

P = 0.58

Present

3

23.21 (9.44–57.03)

80.6%, P < 0.01

  1. † Statistically significant