Table 2 Baseline characteristics of the derivation and internal validation subjects
Variables | Total (n = 597) | Derivation (n = 419) | Internal validation (n = 178) | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Sex | ||||
Male | 474 (79.4) | 336 (80.2) | 138 (77.5) | 0.462 |
Female | 123 (20.6) | 83 (19.8) | 40 (22.5) | |
Age (year) | 63.9 ± 11.7 | 63.9 ± 11.8 | 64.1 ± 11.6 | 0.910 |
Etiology | ||||
HBV | 386 (64.7) | 329 (78.6) | 113 (71.1) | 0.868 |
HCV | 82 (13.7) | 62 (14.9) | 26 (16.4) | |
alcohol | 60 (10.1) | 28 (6.5) | 20 (12.5) | |
Cirrhosis | ||||
Yes | 470 (78.7%) | 336 (79.8%) | 134 (76.1%) | 0.317 |
Child-Pugh classa | ||||
A | 479 (80.2) | 340 (81.1) | 139 (78.1) | 0.391 |
B | 118 (19.8) | 79 (18.9) | 39 (21.9) | |
BCLC stage | ||||
A | 237 (39.7) | 159 (37.9) | 78 (43.8) | 0.180 |
B | 360 (60.3) | 260 (62.1) | 100 (56.2) | |
ALBI grade | ||||
1 | 204 (34.2) | 146 (34.8) | 58 (32.6) | 0.046 |
2 | 363 (60.8) | 258 (61.6) | 105 (59.0) | |
3 | 30 (5.03) | 15 (3.6) | 15 (8.4) | |
HAP score | ||||
0 | 4 (0.7) | 3 (0.7) | 1 (0.6) | 0.776 |
A | 211 (35.3) | 144 (34.4) | 67 (37.6) | |
B | 181 (30.3) | 132 (31.5) | 49 (27.5) | |
C | 154 (25.8) | 105 (25.1) | 49 (27.5) | |
D | 47 (7.9) | 35 (8.4) | 12 (6.7) | |
Modified HAP score | ||||
0 | 4 (0.7) | 3 (0.7) | 1 (0.6) | 0.847 |
A | 278 (46.6) | 189 (45.1) | 89 (50.0) | |
B | 217 (36.3) | 155 (37.0) | 62 (34.8) | |
C | 84 (14.1) | 62 (14.8) | 22 (12.4) | |
D | 14 (2.3) | 10 (2.4) | 4 (2.2) | |
Tumor number | ||||
≤3 | 492 (82.6) | 343 (82.1) | 149 (83.7) | 0.713 |
> 3 | 104 (17.4) | 75 (17.9) | 29 (16.3) | |
Tumor size (cm) | ||||
< 3 | 247 (41.4) | 169 (40.3) | 78 (43.8) | 0.725 |
3–4 | 180 (30.1) | 128 (30.5) | 52 (29.2) | |
≥5 | 170 (28.5) | 122 (29.1) | 48 (27.0) | |
Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.9 ± 2.1 | 13.0 ± 2.0 | 12.6 ± 2.2 | 0.08 |
WBC (×103/μL) | 5.10 (3.9–6.3) | 5.18 (3.9–6.4) | 5.01 (3.8–6.1) | 0.362 |
Platelet (×103/μL) | 128 (83–170) | 131 (84–176) | 115.5 (79–160) | 0.038 |
Prothrombin time (INR) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 0.133 |
Creatinine (mg/dL) | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) | 0.9 (0.8–1.0) | 0.9 (0.7–1.0) | 0.099 |
Sodium (mEq/L) | 138.9 ± 3.1 | 139.0 ± 3.2 | 138.7 ± 3.0 | 0.377 |
AST (mg/dL) | 42 (30–64) | 42 (30–65) | 42 (30–60) | 0.627 |
ALT (mg/dL) | 33 (22–54) | 34 (23–55) | 31 (21–54) | 0.255 |
Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 0.8 (0.6–1.1) | 0.8 (0.6–1.2) | 0.383 |
Albumin (g/dl) | 3.8 (3.4–4.1) | 3.8 (3.4–4.0) | 3.7(3.4–4.1) | 0.158 |
Alpha-fetoprotein (ng/mL) | ||||
≥200 | 138 (23.3) | 103 (24.8) | 35 (19.8) | 0.189 |
< 200 | 455 (76.7) | 313 (75.2) | 142 (80.2) | |
NLR | 1.87 (1.3–2.7) | 1.85 (1.3–2.6) | 1.95 (1.3–2.8) | 0.412 |
No. of TACE sessions | 2.9 ± 2.8 | 3.0 ± 2.8 | 2.9 ± 2.9 | 0.290 |
Tumor response | ||||
CR + PR | 389 (65.2%) | 273 (65.2%) | 116 (65.2%) | 0.997 |
SD + PD | 208 (34.8%) | 146 (34.8%) | 62 (34.8%) | |