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Table 2 Hazard ratio for the association between IDO overexpression and solid tumors prognosis

From: The prognostic value of IDO expression in solid tumors: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Stratified analysis

Effect size

NO. of study

Cases

HR

Heterogeneity

Pooled HR (95% CI)

P value

I2 (%)

p value

All studies

 OS

OS

28

3457

1.92 (1.52–2.43)

< 0.001

81.1

< 0.001

 TTP

TTP

14

1815

2.25 (1.58–3.22)

< 0.001

54.8

0.007

Study location

 Asia

OS

16

2137

2.12 (1.54–2.92)

< 0.001

68.5

< 0.001

TTP

9

1121

2.48 (1.74–3.55)

< 0.001

11.4

0.342

 Other countries

OS

12

1320

1.66 (1.17–2.37)

0.005

82.2

< 0.001

TTP

5

694

1.99 (1.32–2.98)

0.001

14.3

0.323

Detection method

 IHC

OS

25

3180

1.86 (1.46–2.38)

< 0.001

81.3

< 0.001

TTP

14

1815

2.25 (1.58–3.22)

< 0.001

54.8

0.007

 qPCR

OS

3

277

2.11 (1.42–3.13)

< 0.001

17.7

0.297

Sample size

  < 70

OS

9

535

2.25 (1.31–3.88)

0.003

75.5

< 0.001

TTP

4

255

2.49 (1.51–4.10)

< 0.001

0.0

0.72

 70–120

OS

10

903

2.37 (1.42–3.95)

0.001

55.9

0.02

TTP

6

578

2.43 (1.09–5.44)

0.03

72.8

0.003

  > 140

OS

9

2019

1.60 (1.18–2.18)

0.003

75.8

< 0.001

TTP

4

882

1.98 (1.12–3.51)

0.019

63.2

0.043

Study type

 Retrospective

OS

21

2807

1.82 (1.39–2.40)

< 0.001

81.5

< 0.001

TTP

11

1273

2.32 (1.50–3.60)

< 0.001

57.9

0.008

 Prospective

OS

7

650

1.98 (1.57–2.49)

< 0.001

0

0.6

TTP

3

542

2.09 (1.03–4.23)

0.04

56.2

0.102

Cancer type

 Digestive system tumor

OS

10

1528

1.79 (1.38–2.31)

< 0.001

40.8

0.085

 Reproductive system tumor

OS

6

756

2.39 (1.53–3.72)

< 0.001

34.9

0.175

 Bladder cancer

OS

2

182

2.90 (1.32–6.15)

0.006

0.0

0.521

 Colorectal cancer

OS

2

238

2.32 (1.22–4.42)

0.01

0.0

0.655

 Endometrial cancer

OS

2

145

6.64 (1.41–31.27)

0.017

0.0

0.99

 Esophageal cancer

OS

2

501

1.76 (1.28–2.43)

0.001

0.0

0.79

 Esophageal cancer

TTP

2

340

2.23 (0.91–5.49)

0.081

77.9

0.033

 Gastric Cancer

OS

2

417

1.68 (1.22–2.32)

0.001

1.5

0.314

 Melanoma

OS

2

164

1.95 (0.45–8.49)

0.376

84.8

0.01

 Vulvar squamous cell carcinoma

OS

2

137

2.92 (1.69–5.04)

< 0.001

0.0

0.69

Age (Mean/Median)

  < 60 years

OS

9

991

2.02 (1.22–3.36)

0.007

83.6

< 0.001

  > 60 years

OS

10

1262

1.76 (1.16–2.67)

0.008

68.8

0.001

Follow-up (Median/Mean)

  ≤ 45 months

OS

8

1092

1.90 (1.29–2.78)

0.001

79.4

< 0.001

  > 45 months

OS

8

783

3.41 (2.41–4.83)

< 0.001

0.0

0.97

Study quality

 NOS score > 7

OS

18

2825

2.00 (1.48–2.69)

< 0.001

72.6

< 0.001

 NOS score ≤ 7

OS

10

632

1.75 (1.20–1.57)

< 0.001

72.4

< 0.001

  1. Abbreviations: HR hazard ratio, CI confidence interval, OS overall survival, TTP time to tumor progression, IHC Immunohistochemistry, qPCR Quantitative Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
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