Table 4 Univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses for biochemical recurrence-free survival (BRFS)

Age at surgery (continuous)

1.00 (0.98 to 1.02)

0.98

0.97 (0.95 to 0.99)

0.02*

Surgical technique:

< 0.01*

< 0.01*

 Open

Reference

–

Reference

–

 Laparoscopic

0.49 (0.19 to 1.02)

0.06

0.72 (0.28 to 1.52)

0.42

 Robotic

0.64 (0.48 to 0.84)

< 0.01*

0.59 (0.43 to 0.81)

< 0.01*

Initial PSA:

< 0.01*

0.22

 < 10 ng/ml

Reference

–

Reference

–

 10–20 ng/ml

1.54 (1.15 to 2.03)

< 0.01*

1.25 (0.93 to 1.67)

0.13

 ≥ 20 ng/ml

2.76 (1.81 to 4.07)

< 0.01*

1.30 (0.84 to 1.94)

0.23

mGGG model:

< 0.01*

< 0.01*

 I

Reference

–

Reference

–

 II

4.53 (2.06 to 9.92)

< 0.01*

4.54 (2.07 to 9.96)

< 0.01*

 III

5.93 (2.58 to 13.63)

< 0.01*

5.79 (2.50 to 13.44)

< 0.01*

 IV

10.22 (4.64 to 22.52)

< 0.01*

9.37 (4.20 to 20.86)

< 0.01*

 V

21.28 (9.61 to 47.09)

< 0.01*

19.26 (8.50 to 43.66)

< 0.01*

Pathological T stage:

< 0.01*

< 0.01*

 pT2

Reference

–

Reference

–

 pT3a

2.85 (2.18 to 3.72)

< 0.01*

1.56 (1.17 to 2.09)

< 0.01*

 pT3b

5.34 (3.12 to 8.60)

< 0.01*

2.25 (1.25 to 3.85)

< 0.01*

 pT4

2.59 (0.15 to 11.75)

0.41

3.20 (0.18 to 15.60)

0.34

Pathological N stage:

< 0.01*

< 0.01*

 pN0/x

Reference

–

–

 pN1

11.88 (5.59 to 22.13)

< 0.01*

5.92 (2.71 to 11.49)

< 0.01*

Resection margin

3.48 (2.68 to 4.56)

< 0.01*

2.25 (1.67 to 3.04)

< 0.01*