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Table 2 Univariate and multivariate analysis of patient and treatment factors for survival

From: Retrospective analysis of salvage surgery for local progression of brain metastasis previously treated with stereotactic irradiation: diagnostic contribution, functional outcome, and prognostic factors

Tested Variable

Number (%)

Univariate

Multivariate

median OS (M)

P value

Tested Variable

HR

95%CI

P value

Age at surgery (median; 63.5)

  < 63-years

21 (43.8)

29.2

0.4

    

  ≥ 63-years

27 (56.2)

16.8

     

Median time from STI to surgery (12mo)

  ≥ 12 months

22 (45.8)

32.9

0.13

    

  < 12 months

26 (54.2)

13.1

     

Pathological diagnosis

 Radiation necrosis alone

6 (12.5)

22.8

0.76

    

 Tumor recurrence + Necrosis

42 (87.5)

20.2

     

Gender

 Female

16 (33.3)

29

0.11

    

 Male

32 (66.7)

16.8

     

Location

   

Location

   

 Supratentrial

42 (87.5)

25.5

0.016

Supra- vs Infratentrial

0.5

0.18–1.52

0.2

 Infratentrial

6 (12.5)

9.1

     

Primary cancer

   

Primary cancer

   

 Breast

9 (18.8)

43

0.003

Breast vs Lung

0.2

0.036–0.55

0.002

 Lung

31 (64.6)

16.8

 

Breast vs Others

0.1

0.013–0.34

7E-04

 Others

8 (16.6)

9.4

 

Lung vs Others

0.5

0.2–1.2

0.12

Neurological deficit

 No

15 (31.3)

21.9

0.56

    

 Yes

33 (68.7)

16.8

     

RPA

   

RPA

   

 Class 1

6 (12.5)

NR

0.023

Class 1 vs 3

0.1

0.02–0.51

0.002

 Class 2

18 (37.5)

21.9

 

Class 2 vs 3

0.4

0.16–0.95

0.042

 Class 3

24 (50)

11.2

 

Class 1 vs 2

0.3

0.05–0-1.35

0.13

Surgical technique

 Minimum resection

23 (48)

25.5

0.7

    

 Resection with free margine

25 (52)

17.9

     

Extent of resection

 Subtotal removal

6 (12.5)

28.2

0.98

    

 Gross total removal

42 (87.5)

20.2

     

Radiotherapy after salvage surgery

 Yes

15 (31.3)

20.2

0.38

    

 No

33 (68.7)

16.8

     
  1. *NR not reached