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Table 4 Cox proportional hazards regression model for overall survival in hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

From: Prognostic implications of Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1) gene amplification and protein overexpression in hypopharyngeal and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Variables

Univariate

Multivariate

P value

HR (95% CI)

P value

HR (95% CI)

≥ 65 years

0.009

2.102 (1.207–3.663)

0.035

1.835 (1.042–3.231)

Male

0.503

1.493 (0.463–4.816)

  

Primary sites

 Larynx

 

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 Hypopharynx

0.042

1.812 (1.022–3.213)

0.702

1.142 (0.580–2.248)

Smoking

 Never smoker

 

1 (reference)

  

 Smoker

0.621

1.263 (0.500–3.190)

  

Alcohol

 Non- or social- drinker

 

1 (reference)

  

 Heavy drinker

0.160

1.772 (0.798–3.937)

  

Differentiation

 Well

 

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 Moderate

0.007

2.885 (1.343–6.199)

0.033

2.422 (1.076–5.452)

 Poor

0.026

3.180 (1.147–8.819)

0.422

1.398 (0.532–4.513)

Lymphovascular invasion

0.040

1.842 (1.029–3.296)

0.569

0.819 (0.411–1.632)

Perineural invasion

0.002

2.608 (1.411–4.821)

0.098

1.825 (0.896–3.720)

Positive resection margin

0.006

2.236 (1.265–3.951)

0.002

2.712 (1.425–5.161)

pT-classification

 pT1

 

1 (reference)

  

 pT2

0.358

1.464 (0.649–3.301)

  

 pT3

0.032

1.715 (1.076–5.171)

  

 pT4a

0.011

2.224 (1.286–6.928)

  

pN-classification

 pN0

 

1 (reference)

  

 pN1

0.085

2.385 (0.888–6.409)

  

 pN2

0.005

2.982 (1.382–6.431)

  

 pN3

0.001

3.003 (1.578–5.714)

  

Pathological stage

 Stage I

 

1 (reference)

 

1 (reference)

 Stage II

0.482

1.561 (0.451–5.402)

0.457

1.625 (0.452–5.847)

 Stage III

0.011

3.890 (1.361–11.117)

0.048

3.018 (1.010–9.018)

 Stage IV

0.004

4.102 (1.591–10.581)

0.046

2.967 (1.018–8.647)

Adjuvant treatment

0.615

1.154 (0.661–2.013)

  

p16 positivity

0.127

0.331 (0.080–1.368)

  

FGFR1 amplification

0.252

2.128 (0.585–7.738)

  

FGFR1 high expression

0.319

1.504 (0.674–3.354)

  
  1. aAbbreviations: CI Confidence interval, HR Hazard ratio
  2. bVariables of the pT and pN classification were not included in the multivariate analysis, because they were included in the pathologic stage