Trends in the epidemiology of young-onset colorectal cancer: a worldwide systematic review

Saad El Din, Khalid; Loree, Jonathan M.; Sayre, Eric C.; Gill, Sharlene; Brown, Carl J.; Dau, Hallie; De Vera, Mary A.

doi:10.1186/s12885-020-06766-9

BMC Cancer

Table 1 Characteristics of included studies according to continent/region

From: Trends in the epidemiology of young-onset colorectal cancer: a worldwide systematic review

Study	Country	Population /Data Source	Cancer Information			yCRC age range (yr)	N (yCRC cases)	Outcomes		Quality Score
Study	Country	Population /Data Source	Site	Definition	Stage	yCRC age range (yr)	N (yCRC cases)	Primary/ Secondary	Incidence/Prevalence Trend
North America (n = 26 studies)
Chow, 1991 [14]	USA	SEER-9	colon	ICD-O	not reported	< 55	not reported	incidence	AAPC x sex x ethnicity	18
Polednak, 1994 [15]	USA	Connecticut Tumor Registry	colorectal	ICD-O	not reported	0 to 44	not reported	incidence	% change in ASR x sex	18
Marrett, 2002 [16]	Canada	National Cancer Incidence Reporting System, CCR	colorectal	ICD-9	not reported	20 to 44	w: 2692 m: 2876	incidence	AAPC x sex	18
Cress, 2006 [17]	USA	SEER-13	colorectal, rectum	ICD-O-3	in situ, invasive, localized, regional/distant	0 to 49	w: 6893 m: 7803	incidence	1. APC x sex 2. APC x sex x site	17
Siegel, 2009 [4]	USA	SEER-13	colorectal	ICD-O-3	local, regional, distal	20 to 49	w: 9733 m: 10, 913	incidence	APC x sex	16
Meyer, 2010 [18]	USA	SEER-9	colon, rectum	not reported	not reported	< 20 to 39	w: 3662 m: 3999	incidence	1. APC x site 2. APC x sex x site	17
Merrill, 2011 [19]	USA	SEER-9	colorectal	ICD-O-2	not reported	30 to 49	not reported	incidence	% change in RAIR x sex x ethnicity	16
Ellison, 2012 [20]	Canada	CCR	colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	not reported	20 to 49	not reported	prevalence	APC x age	16
Giddings, 2012 [21]	USA	California Cancer Registry	colorectal	ICD-O-3	localized, regional, distant	< 50	w: 1278 m: 1259	incidence	APC x sex x ethnicity	19
Nancy You, 2012 [5]	USA	National Cancer Database	colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	stage III, IV	< 50	64,068	incidence	APC x site	18
Austin, 2014 [22]	USA	CDC NPCR	proximal colon, distal colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	local, regional, distal	< 50	not reported	incidence	1. APC x ethnicity 2. APC x sex x ethnicity	18
Siegel, 2014 [23]	USA	SEER-13, CDC NPCR	proximal colon, distal colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	local, regional, distal	< 50	w: 6250 m: 7270	incidence mortality	APC x site	17
Singh, 2014 [24]	USA	California Cancer Registry	proximal colon, distal colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	local, regional, or distant	20 to 49	20,520	incidence	BAPC x sex x age	19
Bailey, 2015 [6]	USA	SEER-9	colon, rectum	not reported	localized, regional, distant	20 to 49	30,708	incidence	1. APC x age 2. APC x age x site	18
Rahman, 2015 [25]	USA	SEER-18, North American Association of Central Cancer Registries	colorectal	not reported	stage 0, I, II, II, IV	< 50	60,023	incidence mortality	AAPC	17
Patel, 2016 [26]	Canada	National Cancer Incidence Reporting System, CCR, Quebec Cancer Registry	colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	not reported	15 to 49	1969: 756 2010: 1475	incidence	1. APC x age 2. APC x sex x age	20
Koblinkski, 2017	US	SEER-18	colorectal	not reported	local, regional, distal	< 50	not reported	incidence	percent change x ethnicity x stage	16
Sheneman, 2017 [27]	US	Colorado Cancer Registry	colorectal	ICD-O-3	early, late	< 50	3729	incidence	1. EAPC 2. EAPC x sex	18
Siegel, 2017 [7]	US	SEER-9, CDC NPCR	proximal colon, distal colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	local, regional, distal	0 to 49	w: 6650 m: 7550	incidence mortality	1. AAPC x site 2. IRR x site	17
Siegel, 2017 [7]	US	SEER-9	proximal colon, distal colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	not reported	20 to 49	not reported	incidence	APC x age x site	19
Wang, 2017 [28]	US	Texas Cancer Registry	colorectal	ICD-O-3	localized, regional, distant	20 to 49	13,028	incidence mortality	APC x age	17
Ansa, 2018 [29]	US	SEER-18	proximal colon, distal colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	localized, regional, distant, or unstaged	0 to 49	57,938	incidence	APC x age	18
Crosbie, 2018 [30]	US	SEER-9	colorectal	ICD-O-3	not reported	20 to 49	w: 4010 m: 4578	incidence	APC x sex	19
Ellis, 2018 [31]	US	California Cancer Registry	colorectal	not reported	in situ, localized, regional, distant	20 to 49	w: 1304 m: 1276	incidence	TAPC x sex x ethnicity	18
Garcia, 2018 [32]	US	SEER-18, CDC NPCR	colorectal	ICD-O-3	localized, regional, distant	20 to 49	not reported	incidence	relative change in IR	18
Jacobs, 2018 [33]	US	SEER-9	colon, rectum	ICD-O-3	Stage 0–2, 3, 4	< 55	not reported	incidence	% change of IR	19
Oceania (n = 4 studies)
Haggar, 2012 [34]	Australia	Western Australia Data Linkage Service	colorectal	ICD-O-3	not reported	15 to 39	500	incidence mortality	APC x sex	18
Boyce, 2016 [35]	Australia	New South Wales Central Cancer Registry	colon, rectum	ICD-O-3 and ICD-10	localised, regional, distant	< 30 to 49	w: 971 m: 1030	incidence mortality	average annual linear trend in R	19
Gandhi, 2017 [36]	New Zealand	New Zealand Cancer Registry	proximal colon, distal colon, rectum	not reported	not reported	< 50	not reported	incidence	rate of change of IR	19
Troeung, 2017 [37]	Australia	Western Australia Cancer Registry	colorectal	ICD-9 and ICD-10	tumour grade	15 to 39	w: 256 m: 261	incidence mortality	1. APC overall 2. APC x sex	19
Europe (n = 3 studies)
Zaridze, 1990 [38]	Russia	not well described	colon, rectum	not reported	not reported	<29 to 49	not reported	incidence	APC x type x sex x age	9
Larsen, 2010 [39]	Norway	Cancer Registry of Norway	colon, rectum	ICD-7	not reported	35 to 54	w: 1739 m: 1707	incidence	APC x age	18
Ullah, 2018 [40]	Ireland	National Cancer Registry of Ireland	colorectal	not reported	not reported	20 to 49	2750	incidence	APC x age	18
Asia (n = 6 studies)
Nooyi, 2011 [41]	India	Indian Population-Based Cancer Registries	rectum	ICD-O	not reported	35 to 49	not reported	incidence	EAPC x sex x age	16
Wu, 2012 [42]	China	Shanghai Cancer Registry	colorectal	ICD-9	not reported	15 to 49	w: 312 m: 259	incidence	APC x sex	19
Zhou, 2015 [43]	China	Guangzhou Cancer Registry	colon, rectum	ICD-10	not reported	< 50	not reported	incidence	1. APC 2. APC x sex	18
Nakagawa, 2017 [44]	Japan	Japanese Population-Based Cancer Registries	colon, rectum	ICD-10	not reported	< 50	not reported	incidence	1. APC x overall 2. APC x site	19
Sarakarn, 2017 [45]	Thailand	Khon Kaen Cancer Registry	colorectal	ICD-O	stage I, II, III, and IV	< 50	w: 1566 m: 1798	incidence	1. APC 2. APC x sex	17
Zhang, 2018 [46]	China	Hong Kong Cancer Registry	colon, rectum	not reported	not reported	20 to 49	8829	incidence	APC x sex x type	20
Africa (n = 1 study)
Hamdi Cherif, 2014 [47]	Algeria	Population-Based Cancer Registry of Setif	colorectal	ICD-O-3	not reported	15 to 44	not reported	incidence	APC x sex	19

Abbreviations: APC annual percent change (in incidence or prevalence); AAPC average annual percent change; ASR age-standardized incidence rate; BAPC biannual annual percent change; EAPC estimated annual percent change; TAPC triannual percent change; IR incidence rate; w women; m men; yCRC young-onset colorectal cancer; CDC Centre for Disease Control; ICD-O International Classification of Diseases for Oncology; ICD International Classification of Diseases;
SEER Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program Registry;
CCR Canadian Cancer Registry;
CDC NPCR Centre for Disease Control National Program for Cancer Registries

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ISSN: 1471-2407

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