Skip to main content

Table 3 Factors associated with unhealthy behaviorsa in caregivers of childhood cancer survivors

From: Health behaviors of caregivers of childhood cancer survivors: a cross-sectional study

 

Current smoking

Binge drinking

Physical inactivity

≥2 unhealthy behaviorse

OR (95% CI)b

p-value*

OR (95% CI)b

p-value*

OR (95% CI)b

p-value*

OR (95% CI)b

p-value*

Age, 1-year increase

0.99 (0.92, 1.06)

0.689

0.92 (0.87, 0.97)

0.001

0.99 (0.94, 1.04)

0.702

0.93 (0.88, 0.98)

0.011

Sex

 Male

1 (ref)

< 0.001

1 (ref)

< 0.001

1 (ref)

0.564

1 (ref)

< 0.001

 Female

0.05 (0.02, 0.15)

 

0.21 (0.10, 0.42)

 

1.24 (0.60, 2.55)

 

0.20 (0.10, 0.40)

 

Education level

 High school graduate or below

1 (ref)

0.167

1 (ref)

0.045

1 (ref)

0.831

1 (ref)

0.003

 College graduate or above

0.55 (0.24, 1.28)

 

0.55 (0.31, 0.99)

 

1.07 (0.60, 1.91)

 

0.39 (0.21, 0.73)

 

Monthly household income

  < 2 million won

1 (ref)

0.063

1 (ref)

0.017

1 (ref)

0.009

1 (ref)

0.656

 2~4 million won

0.53 (0.16, 1.73)

 

1.02 (0.41, 2.53)

 

0.74 (0.28, 1.97)

 

0.87 (0.35, 2.14)

 

 4~6 million won

0.28 (0.08, 1.02)

 

1.71 (0.67, 4.35)

 

0.70 (0.25, 1.90)

 

1.09 (0.42, 2.78)

 

  > 6 million won

0.22 (0.04, 1.07)

 

2.60 (0.91, 7.44)

 

0.25 (0.08, 0.74)

 

0.63 (0.20, 1.95)

 

Number of comorbiditiesc

 None

1 (ref)

0.006

1 (ref)

0.773

1 (ref)

0.389

1 (ref)

0.601

 One

0.44 (0.14, 1.34)

 

1.05 (0.49, 2.21)

 

0.86 (0.40, 1.82)

 

0.64 (0.28, 1.47)

 

 Two or more

0.20 (0.02, 1.73)

 

1.26 (0.39, 4.04)

 

3.51 (0.82, 15.00)

 

1.09 (0.33, 3.56)

 

Previous history of cancer

0.99 (0.10, 9.60)

0.994

0.16 (0.02, 1.43)

0.102

0.79 (0.18, 3.46)

0.754

0.47 (0.08, 2.61)

0.387

Main caregiver

 Yes

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

1 (ref)

 

 No

1.44 (0.59, 3.54)

0.420

1.48 (0.75, 2.91)

0.257

1.13 (0.53, 2.40)

0.744

1.85 (0.92, 3.70)

0.083

Years after end of treatment, 1-year increase

0.93 (0.83, 1.05)

0.242

1.05 (0.98, 1.14)

0.160

0.97 (0.90, 1.05)

0.471

1.00 (0.92, 1.08)

0.973

Depression, yesd

1.49 (0.65, 3.42)

0.350

0.73 (0.41, 1.30)

0.290

3.57 (1.95, 6.57)

< 0.001

1.28 (0.70, 2.35)

0.418

Anxiety, yesd

0.57 (0.24, 1.36)

0.206

1.21 (0.68, 2.15)

0.524

0.50 (0.27, 0.92)

0.027

0.74 (0.40, 1.36)

0.336

  1. OR Odds ratio, CI Confidence intervals
  2. *p-value or p for trend if applicable (ordinal variable with more than two categories)
  3. aBinge drinking: ≥5 drinks per occasion for females and ≥ 7 drinks per occasion for males. Physical inactivity: exercise < 3 times per week
  4. bMultiple logistic regression was performed including all variables in the table
  5. cComorbidities include diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease
  6. dDepression and anxiety were assessed through the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale scores. Cutoff values were < 8 for normal (reference group), and ≥ 8 for cases of depression and anxiety
  7. e ≥ 2 unhealthy behaviors refers to engaging in at least 2 of the 3 unhealthy behaviors evaluated in our study (current smoking, binge drinking, and physical inactivity)
Back to article page

BMC Cancer

ISSN: 1471-2407

Contact us