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Table 1 Associations between HIF-1α, Vimentin and clinico-pathological characteristics in HCC

From: Hypoxic induction of vasculogenic mimicry in hepatocellular carcinoma: role of HIF-1 α, RhoA/ROCK and Rac1/PAK signaling

Variant

No. of patients

HIF-1α

p-value

Vimentin

p-value

Low(%)

High(%)

Low(%)

High(%)

Cases

77

34(44.2)

43(55.8)

 

27(35.1)

50(64.9)

 

Age (years)

  ≤ 60

62

28(45.2)

34(54.8)

0.718a

21(33.9)

41(66.1)

0.655a

  > 60

15

6(40.0)

9(60.0)

 

6(40.0)

9(60.0)

 

Gender

 Male

63

27(42.9)

36(57.1)

0.626a

19(30.2)

44(69.8)

0.056a

 Female

14

7(50.0)

7(50.0)

 

8(57.1)

6(42.9)

 

Tumor size (cm)

  ≤ 3

35

18(51.4)

17(48.6)

0.241a

15(42.9)

20(57.1)

0.191a

  > 3

42

16(38.1)

26(61.9)

 

12(28.6)

30(71.4)

 

Clinical stage

 I/II

42

23(54.8)

19(45.2)

0.065a

20(47.6)

22(52.4)

0.011a*

 III/IV

35

11(31.4)

24(68.6)

 

7(20.0)

28(80.0)

 

Invasion depth

 T1 + T2

40

16(40.0)

24(60.0)

0.445a

17(42.5)

23(57.5)

0.155a

 T3 + T4

37

18(48.6)

19(51.4)

 

10(27.0)

27(73.0)

 

Lymph nodes metastasis

 N0 (negative)

46

25(54.3)

21(45.7)

0.028a*

22(47.8)

24(52.2)

0.016a*

 N1 (positive)

31

9(29.0)

22(71.0)

 

7(21.2)

24(78.8)

 

Distant metastasis

 M0 (absent)

72

33(45.8)

39(54.2)

0.510b

25(34.7)

47(65.3)

0.811b

 M1 (present)

5

1(20.0)

4(80.0)

 

2(40.0)

3(60.0)

 

VM

 Negative

50

27(54.0)

23(46.0)

0.018 a*

22(44.0)

28(56.0)

0.025a*

 Positive

27

7(25.9)

20(74.1)

 

5(18.5)

22(81.5)

 
  1. a Chi-square test
  2. b Fisher’s exact test
  3. *P < 0.05 indicates a significant association among the variables