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Table 4 Adjusted odds ratios relating CPA, CSA, and CEIPV to cancer, female household population aged 18 years or older, Canada, 2012

From: Childhood maltreatment as a risk factor for cancer: findings from a population-based survey of Canadian adults

 

Odds ratios controlling for age, other socio-demographic factors and:

Odds (95% CI)

smoking status

perceived life stress

depression

alcohol abuse/dependence

all mediators

Odds (95% CI)

%∆a

Odds (95% CI)

%∆a

Odds (95% CI)

%∆a

Odds (95% CI)

%∆a

Odds (95% CI)

%∆a

CPA (reference no CPA)

1.6 ** (1.3, 2.0)

1.6 ** (1.2, 2.0)

-7

1.5 ** (1.2, 1.9)

-12

1.5 ** (1.2, 2.0)

-8

1.6 ** (1.2, 2.0)

-6

1.4 ** (1.1, 1.8)

-26

CPA severity and frequency (reference no CPA)

 Severe and frequent (> 10 times) CPA

3.1 ** (1.7, 5.4)

2.7 ** (1.6, 4.8)

-11

2.7 ** (1.5, 4.8)

-13

2.9 ** (1.7, 5.1)

-2

2.9 ** (1.7, 5.1)

-3

2.3 ** (1.3, 4.1)

-25

 Frequent (>10 times) CPA (excluding severe and frequent CPA)

1.6 * (1.0, 2.6)

1.6 * (1.0, 2.5)

-3

1.5 (1.0, 2.4)

-13

1.6 * (1.0, 2.4)

-10

1.6 * (1.0, 2.5)

-6

1.4 (0.9, 2.2)

-25

 CPA (excluding frequent CPA)

1.3 (1.0, 1.8)

1.3 (0.9, 1.7)

 

1.3 (0.9, 1.7)

 

1.3 (0.9, 1.7)

 

1.3 (0.9, 1.7)

 

1.2 (0.9, 1.6)

 

CSA (reference no CSA)

1.4 ** (1.1, 1.8)

1.3 * (1.1, 1.7)

-14

1.3 * (1.1, 1.7)

-14

1.3 * (1.0, 1.7)

-17

1.4 ** (1.1, 1.7)

-10

1.2 (1.0, 1.5)

-44

CSA severity and frequency (reference no CSA)

 Severe and frequent (>= 3 times) CSA

1.7 * (1.1, 2.7)

1.6 (1.0, 2.5)

-15

1.5 (0.9, 2.5)

-21

1.6 (1.0, 2.5)

-16

1.6 * (1.0, 2.5)

-12

1.3 (0.8, 2.1)

-49

 Severe CSA (<=2 times)

1.4 (1.0, 2.1)

1.4 (0.9, 2.0)

 

1.4 (0.9, 2.0)

 

1.4 (0.9, 2.0)

 

1.4 (1.0, 2.0)

 

1.2 (0.8, 1.8)

 

 CSA (sexual touching, excluding severe CSA)

1.2 (0.9, 1.7)

1.2 (0.9, 1.7)

 

1.2 (0.9, 1.7)

 

1.2 (0.8, 1.6)

 

1.2 (0.9, 1.7)

 

1.1 (0.8, 1.6)

 

CEIPV (reference no CEIPV (<= 2 times))

1.7 ** (1.2, 2.3)

1.6 ** (1.2, 2.2)

-10

1.5 * (1.1, 2.1)

-21

1.6 ** (1.2, 2.2)

-8

1.6 ** (1.2, 2.3)

-4

1.4 * (1.0, 1.9)

-35

Frequency of CEIPV (reference no CEIPV (<= 2 times))

 More than 10 times

1.5 (1.0, 2.3)

1.4 (0.9, 2.1)

 

1.3 (0.8, 2.0)

 

1.4 (0.9, 2.1)

 

1.4 (1.0, 2.1)

 

1.2 (0.8, 1.8)

 

 Three to 10 times

2.0 ** (1.2, 3.2)

1.9 * (1.2, 3.1)

-6

1.8 * (1.1, 2.8)

-14

1.9 ** (1.2, 3.1)

-5

2.0 ** (1.2, 3.2)

-2

1.7 * (1.1, 2.7)

-22

Co-occurrence of CPA, CSA and CEIPV (reference no abuse)

 1 type of abuse

1.2 (1.0, 1.6)

1.2 (0.9, 1.5)

 

1.2 (0.9, 1.5)

 

1.2 (0.9, 1.5)

 

1.2 (0.9, 1.6)

 

1.1 (0.9, 1.4)

 

 2 types of abuse

1.8 ** (1.2, 2.5)

1.7 ** (1.2, 2.5)

-6

1.6 ** (1.1, 2.3)

-15

1.7 ** (1.2, 2.5)

-8

1.7 ** (1.2, 2.5)

-3

1.5 * (1.1, 2.2)

-26

 3 types of abuse

2.3 ** (1.4, 3.7)

2.1 ** (1.3, 3.4)

-11

2.0 ** (1.2, 3.4)

-14

2.1 ** (1.3, 3.4)

-9

2.2 ** (1.4, 3.4)

-7

1.7 * (1.1, 2.8)

-33

  1. Source: Statistics Canada, Canadian Community Health Survey -- Mental Health, 2012 (share file)
  2. Note: The odds ratios are based on unstandardized regression coefficients
  3. CPA Childhood physical abuse, CSA Childhood sexual abuse, CEIPV Childhood exposure to intimate partner violence, CI confidence interval
  4. a%∆=percent change: Refers to the percent change in the standardized regression coefficient for child maltreatment variable resulting from the inclusion of mediating variables in the logistic regression model compared with the model only controlling for socio-demographic factors (indicated if childhood maltreatment variable was significant in the model controlling for socio-demographic factors only)
  5. *p <0.05 **p <0.01