From: Comorbidity prevalence among cancer patients: a population-based cohort study of four cancers
 | Liver disease | Previous malignancy | Diabetes | Obesity | Dementia | Hemi- or paraplegia | CVD | Hypertension | Renal disease | MI | COPD | CHF | PVD | Rheum. conditions |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OR (95% CIs) | ||||||||||||||
 | Colon cancer | |||||||||||||
Sex | ||||||||||||||
 Male [REF] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Female | 0.99 (0.91, 1.07) | 1.23 (1.16, 1.32) | 0.72 (0.69, 0.75) | 0.94 (0.87, 1.01) | 1.19 (1.09, 1.30) | 0.70 (0.62, 0.79) | 0.80 (0.75, 0.85) | 0.90 (0.87, 0.92) | 0.75 (0.71, 0.80) | 0.48 (0.45, 0.51) | 1.05 (1.01, 1.09) | 0.66 (0.63, 0.70) | 0.45 (0.42, 0.48) | 2.16 (1.98, 2.36) |
Age at cancer diagnosis (years) | ||||||||||||||
 45 | 1.18 (1.13, 1.23) | 0.40 (0.39, 0.41) | 0.27 (0.25, 0.29) | 0.79 (0.76, 0.82) | 0.02 (0.02, 0.02) | 0.39 (0.38, 0.39) | 0.13 (0.13, 0.13) | 0.14 (0.12, 0.16) | 0.15 (0.15, 0.15) | 0.12 (0.11, 0.12) | 0.55 (0.49, 0.62) | 0.12 (0.12, 0.12) | 0.12 (0.12, 0.13) | 0.22 (0.22, 0.22) |
 60 | 1.13 (1.08, 1.17) | 0.74 (0.70, 0.78) | 0.64 (0.55, 0.73) | 1.00 (0.95, 1.05) | 0.18 (0.17, 0.18) | 0.65 (0.65, 0.66) | 0.46 (0.45, 0.47) | 0.51 (0.33, 0.80) | 0.41 (0.40, 0.42) | 0.52 (0.50, 0.54) | 0.72 (0.62, 0.83) | 0.45 (0.43, 0.46) | 0.43 (0.41, 0.44) | 0.54 (0.53, 0.55) |
 70 [REF] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 80 | 1.01 (0.98, 1.05) | 1.05 (0.97, 1.12) | 1.31 (1.00, 1.71) | 0.74 (0.72, 0.77) | 4.68 (4.49, 4.89) | 1.49 (1.46, 1.53) | 2.04 (1.80, 2.32) | 1.88 (0.68, 5.21) | 2.64 (2.30, 3.03) | 1.60 (1.42, 1.80) | 1.38 (1.05, 1.80) | 2.43 (2.10, 2.80) | 1.88 (1.66, 2.13) | 1.64 (1.58, 1.71) |
 90 | 0.91 (0.88, 0.94) | 0.71 (0.68, 0.75) | 0.82 (0.69, 0.98) | 0.17 (0.17, 0.17) | 13.95 (12.35, 15.75) | 1.42 (1.39, 1.45) | 3.27 (2.69, 3.99) | 2.13 (0.72, 6.26) | 4.35 (3.50, 5.40) | 2.26 (1.92, 2.65) | 1.04 (0.84, 1.29) | 4.72 (3.63, 6.13) | 1.70 (1.52, 1.91) | 1.31 (1.27, 1.36) |
Deprivation group | ||||||||||||||
 Least deprived [REF] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 2 | 1.10 (0.96, 1.25) | 1.03 (0.93, 1.14) | 1.12 (1.05, 1.19) | 1.09 (0.95, 1.24) | 1.19 (1.03, 1.37) | 1.25 (1.02, 1.54) | 1.11 (1.01, 1.21) | 1.08 (1.03, 1.12) | 1.20 (1.09, 1.31) | 1.09 (0.99, 1.21) | 1.12 (1.06, 1.18) | 1.07 (0.98, 1.17) | 1.11 (1.00, 1.24) | 1.08 (0.96, 1.23) |
 3 | 1.13 (0.99, 1.29) | 0.99 (0.89, 1.09) | 1.25 (1.18, 1.33) | 1.56 (1.38, 1.76) | 1.29 (1.11, 1.48) | 1.47 (1.20, 1.79) | 1.20 (1.09, 1.31) | 1.18 (1.13, 1.23) | 1.34 (1.23, 1.47) | 1.21 (1.10, 1.34) | 1.24 (1.18, 1.32) | 1.16 (1.06, 1.27) | 1.26 (1.14, 1.40) | 0.95 (0.84, 1.08) |
 4 | 1.38 (1.22, 1.58) | 1.03 (0.93, 1.15) | 1.48 (1.39, 1.58) | 1.73 (1.53, 1.95) | 1.42 (1.23, 1.63) | 1.47 (1.20, 1.80) | 1.35 (1.23, 1.47) | 1.32 (1.27, 1.38) | 1.55 (1.42, 1.69) | 1.33 (1.21, 1.47) | 1.56 (1.47, 1.65) | 1.38 (1.26, 1.50) | 1.38 (1.25, 1.53) | 1.00 (0.88, 1.14) |
 Most deprived | 1.50 (1.31, 1.71) | 1.13 (1.02, 1.26) | 1.75 (1.64, 1.87) | 1.91 (1.68, 2.16) | 1.70 (1.47, 1.97) | 2.29 (1.88, 2.79) | 1.60 (1.46, 1.76) | 1.54 (1.47, 1.61) | 1.83 (1.67, 2.01) | 1.55 (1.40, 1.72) | 2.01 (1.89, 2.12) | 1.67 (1.52, 1.83) | 1.59 (1.42, 1.76) | 0.99 (0.86, 1.14) |
 | Rectal cancer | |||||||||||||
Sex | ||||||||||||||
 Male [REF] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Female | 1.05 (0.91, 1.22) | 1.34 (1.23, 1.47) | 0.80 (0.75, 0.85) | 1.17 (1.04, 1.32) | 1.29 (1.13, 1.48) | 0.66 (0.54, 0.81) | 0.75 (0.69, 0.82) | 0.95 (0.91, 0.99) | 0.73 (0.66, 0.80) | 0.52 (0.46, 0.58) | 1.03 (0.97, 1.09) | 0.72 (0.65, 0.79) | 0.39 (0.34, 0.44) | 1.97 (1.73, 2.25) |
Age at cancer diagnosis (years) | ||||||||||||||
 45 | 0.93 (0.91, 0.95) | 0.42 (0.41, 0.43) | 0.27 (0.26, 0.29) | 0.69 (0.68, 0.71) | 0.06 (0.06, 0.06) | 0.39 (0.39, 0.40) | 0.12 (0.12, 0.12) | 0.13 (0.12, 0.15) | 0.12 (0.12, 0.13) | 0.11 (0.11, 0.11) | 0.47 (0.43, 0.51) | 0.12 (0.12, 0.12) | 0.07 (0.07, 0.07) | 0.30 (0.29, 0.30) |
 60 | 1.00 (0.98, 1.02) | 0.68 (0.65, 0.71) | 0.60 (0.54, 0.66) | 0.95 (0.92, 0.98) | 0.21 (0.21, 0.21) | 0.60 (0.60, 0.60) | 0.46 (0.45, 0.47) | 0.49 (0.34, 0.71) | 0.37 (0.36, 0.37) | 0.49 (0.48, 0.51) | 0.66 (0.59, 0.74) | 0.44 (0.43, 0.44) | 0.40 (0.39, 0.41) | 0.58 (0.57, 0.59) |
 70 [REF] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 80 | 0.98 (0.96, 1.00) | 1.22 (1.13, 1.32) | 1.37 (1.11, 1.71) | 0.73 (0.71, 0.74) | 5.57 (5.32, 5.84) | 1.83 (1.81, 1.86) | 2.14 (1.92, 2.39) | 1.74 (0.71, 4.22) | 2.61 (2.35, 2.90) | 1.63 (1.48, 1.80) | 1.46 (1.17, 1.83) | 2.46 (2.21, 2.74) | 1.80 (1.62, 1.99) | 1.65 (1.60, 1.70) |
 90 | 1.11 (1.09, 1.13) | 0.96 (0.90, 1.02) | 0.83 (0.72, 0.95) | 0.17 (0.17, 0.17) | 13.80 (12.36, 15.40) | 1.82 (1.79, 1.85) | 4.07 (3.35, 4.94) | 2.51 (0.86, 7.29) | 5.14 (4.22, 6.26) | 2.06 (1.82, 2.32) | 1.29 (1.06, 1.58) | 4.96 (4.04, 6.10) | 2.24 (1.97, 2.54) | 1.91 (1.84, 1.99) |
Deprivation group | ||||||||||||||
 Least deprived [REF] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 2 | 1.00 (0.77, 1.28) | 1.08 (0.94, 1.24) | 1.14 (1.04, 1.26) | 1.28 (1.06, 1.56) | 1.10 (0.89, 1.37) | 1.70 (1.20, 2.40) | 1.13 (0.98, 1.30) | 1.04 (0.99, 1.10) | 1.06 (0.91, 1.24) | 1.06 (0.91, 1.24) | 1.14 (1.04, 1.25) | 1.11 (0.95, 1.29) | 1.06 (0.90, 1.24) | 1.09 (0.89, 1.34) |
 3 | 1.50 (1.19, 1.89) | 0.91 (0.79, 1.05) | 1.29 (1.18, 1.42) | 1.27 (1.04, 1.54) | 1.21 (0.98, 1.50) | 2.13 (1.52, 2.98) | 1.39 (1.21, 1.60) | 1.14 (1.07, 1.20) | 1.26 (1.08, 1.46) | 1.17 (1.00, 1.36) | 1.36 (1.25, 1.49) | 1.23 (1.06, 1.42) | 1.11 (0.94, 1.30) | 1.13 (0.92, 1.39) |
 4 | 1.33 (1.05, 1.69) | 1.01 (0.88, 1.17) | 1.60 (1.46, 1.75) | 1.63 (1.35, 1.97) | 1.30 (1.05, 1.60) | 2.23 (1.59, 3.12) | 1.51 (1.32, 1.74) | 1.26 (1.19, 1.34) | 1.34 (1.15, 1.55) | 1.33 (1.14, 1.54) | 1.62 (1.49, 1.76) | 1.25 (1.07, 1.44) | 1.34 (1.14, 1.57) | 1.12 (0.91, 1.38) |
 Most deprived | 1.77 (1.39, 2.24) | 1.14 (0.99, 1.33) | 1.80 (1.63, 1.97) | 1.80 (1.48, 2.18) | 1.63 (1.31, 2.02) | 2.66 (1.89, 3.74) | 1.78 (1.54, 2.05) | 1.48 (1.39, 1.57) | 1.57 (1.34, 1.83) | 1.52 (1.30, 1.77) | 2.25 (2.07, 2.46) | 1.65 (1.42, 1.91) | 1.59 (1.36, 1.87) | 1.24 (1.00, 1.54) |
 | Lung cancer | |||||||||||||
Sex | ||||||||||||||
 Male [REF] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 Female | 0.87 (0.82, 0.93) | 1.11 (1.06, 1.16) | 0.75 (0.73, 0.78) | 1.12 (1.05, 1.20) | 1.22 (1.15, 1.30) | 0.81 (0.75, 0.88) | 0.83 (0.80, 0.87) | 0.98 (0.96, 1.00) | 0.72 (0.69, 0.75) | 0.60 (0.58, 0.63) | 1.09 (1.07, 1.11) | 0.76 (0.73, 0.80) | 0.50 (0.48, 0.52) | 1.98 (1.87, 2.09) |
Age at cancer diagnosis (years) | ||||||||||||||
 45 | 1.42 (1.35, 1.49) | 0.83 (0.76, 0.89) | 0.24 (0.23, 0.26) | 0.70 (0.68, 0.71) | 0.04 (0.04, 0.04) | 0.43 (0.43, 0.43) | 0.22 (0.21, 0.23) | 0.12 (0.11, 0.14) | 0.13 (0.13, 0.13) | 0.19 (0.19, 0.20) | 0.39 (0.31, 0.50) | 0.16 (0.16, 0.17) | 0.10 (0.09, 0.10) | 0.29 (0.28, 0.29) |
 60 | 1.35 (1.29, 1.42) | 0.93 (0.85, 1.01) | 0.60 (0.52, 0.69) | 0.97 (0.93, 1.00) | 0.28 (0.28, 0.28) | 0.75 (0.74, 0.76) | 0.55 (0.52, 0.59) | 0.49 (0.30, 0.80) | 0.38 (0.36, 0.39) | 0.62 (0.58, 0.66) | 0.69 (0.47, 1.03) | 0.47 (0.45, 0.50) | 0.47 (0.43, 0.51) | 0.70 (0.68, 0.73) |
 70 [REF] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 80 | 0.80 (0.78, 0.82) | 1.02 (0.92, 1.12) | 1.24 (0.95, 1.63) | 0.67 (0.65, 0.69) | 4.37 (4.13, 4.63) | 1.10 (1.07, 1.12) | 1.56 (1.31, 1.85) | 1.59 (0.57, 4.41) | 2.48 (2.07, 2.97) | 1.38 (1.19, 1.61) | 1.10 (0.63, 1.94) | 1.93 (1.62, 2.29) | 1.47 (1.15, 1.87) | 1.07 (1.02, 1.13) |
 90 | 0.54 (0.53, 0.55) | 0.76 (0.71, 0.82) | 0.82 (0.68, 0.99) | 0.18 (0.18, 0.18) | 13.22 (11.20, 15.60) | 1.23 (1.20, 1.27) | 2.26 (1.77, 2.88) | 1.70 (0.59, 4.85) | 4.16 (3.13, 5.53) | 1.51 (1.28, 1.78) | 0.80 (0.51, 1.24) | 3.55 (2.63, 4.79) | 1.08 (0.90, 1.30) | 0.92 (0.88, 0.96) |
Deprivation group | ||||||||||||||
 Least deprived [REF] | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
 2 | 1.28 (1.13, 1.46) | 0.95 (0.87, 1.03) | 1.10 (1.04, 1.16) | 1.19 (1.05, 1.36) | 1.13 (1.01, 1.27) | 1.38 (1.17, 1.62) | 1.09 (1.01, 1.17) | 1.02 (0.98, 1.05) | 1.07 (1.00, 1.16) | 1.08 (1.00, 1.17) | 1.17 (1.12, 1.22) | 1.11 (1.03, 1.19) | 1.12 (1.05, 1.20) | 1.09 (0.99, 1.20) |
 3 | 1.29 (1.14, 1.47) | 0.89 (0.82, 0.96) | 1.09 (1.03, 1.15) | 1.27 (1.12, 1.45) | 1.21 (1.09, 1.36) | 1.50 (1.28, 1.76) | 1.20 (1.12, 1.28) | 1.04 (1.01, 1.08) | 1.15 (1.07, 1.24) | 1.16 (1.08, 1.25) | 1.36 (1.31, 1.41) | 1.15 (1.07, 1.23) | 1.14 (1.07, 1.21) | 1.04 (0.95, 1.14) |
 4 | 1.44 (1.27, 1.62) | 0.84 (0.78, 0.91) | 1.25 (1.18, 1.32) | 1.51 (1.34, 1.70) | 1.38 (1.24, 1.53) | 1.76 (1.51, 2.04) | 1.36 (1.27, 1.45) | 1.13 (1.09, 1.17) | 1.21 (1.13, 1.30) | 1.28 (1.19, 1.38) | 1.59 (1.53, 1.65) | 1.30 (1.22, 1.39) | 1.17 (1.10, 1.25) | 1.08 (0.99, 1.18) |
 Most deprived | 1.66 (1.48, 1.87) | 0.88 (0.81, 0.95) | 1.29 (1.23, 1.36) | 1.69 (1.50, 1.90) | 1.52 (1.37, 1.69) | 2.17 (1.88, 2.52) | 1.45 (1.36, 1.54) | 1.22 (1.18, 1.27) | 1.33 (1.24, 1.43) | 1.33 (1.24, 1.43) | 1.96 (1.89, 2.03) | 1.35 (1.26, 1.44) | 1.32 (1.24, 1.41) | 1.05 (0.96, 1.14) |
 | Hodgkin lymphoma | |||||||||||||
Sex | ||||||||||||||
 Male [REF] | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | – |
 Female | – | – | 0.62 (0.50, 0.77) | – | – | – | – | 0.88 (0.76, 1.02) | – | – | 1.05 (0.90, 1.23) | – | – | – |
Age at cancer diagnosis (years) | ||||||||||||||
 45 [REF] | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | – |
 60 | – | – | 3.36 (2.89, 3.91) | – | – | – | – | 4.46 (3.00, 6.63) | – | – | 1.68 (1.41, 2.00) | – | – | – |
 70 | – | – | 5.03 (4.04, 6.27) | – | – | – | – | 8.78 (4.57, 16.86) | – | – | 2.48 (1.94, 3.18) | – | – | – |
 80 | – | – | 5.74 (4.49, 7.33) | – | – | – | – | 13.86 (5.84, 32.91) | – | – | 2.62 (2.02, 3.39) | – | – | – |
 90 | – | – | 5.17 (4.13, 6.47) | – | – | – | – | 18.13 (6.70, 49.03) | – | – | 1.43 (1.23, 1.66) | – | – | – |
Deprivation group | ||||||||||||||
 Least deprived [REF] | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | 1.00 | – | – | – |
 2 | – | – | 1.19 (0.83, 1.72) | – | – | – | – | 1.26 (1.00, 1.60) | – | – | 1.17 (0.90, 1.52) | – | – | – |
 3 | – | – | 1.48 (1.03, 2.11) | – | – | – | – | 1.43 (1.14, 1.81) | – | – | 1.18 (0.91, 1.54) | – | – | – |
 4 | – | – | 1.89 (1.34, 2.67) | – | – | – | – | 1.48 (1.18, 1.87) | – | – | 1.37 (1.07, 1.77) | – | – | – |
 Most deprived | – | – | 2.39 (1.69, 3.37) | – | – | – | – | 1.96 (1.55, 2.48) | – | – | 1.86 (1.45, 2.38) | – | – | – |