Evaluation of gene-environment interactions for colorectal cancer susceptibility loci using case-only and case-control designs

Table 3 Interactions between susceptibility SNPs and environmental factors in colorectal cancer by study design

Environmental factor	SNP	Chromosomal region	Mapped gene^a	Allele^b		Case-only			Case-control
Environmental factor	SNP	Chromosomal region	Mapped gene^a	A1	A2	OR	(95% CI)^c	P_interaction^c	OR	(95% CI)^d	P_interaction^d
BMI, kg/m² (≥25 vs. < 25)	rs10849432	12p13.31	intergenic	T	C	1.48	(1.11–1.97)	7.9 × 10⁻³	1.26	(1.04–1.53)	0.02
History of colorectal polyps (yes vs. no)	rs11196172	10q25.2	TCF7L2	A	G	2.09	(1.26–3.46)	4.4 × 10⁻³	1.36	(1.01–1.84)	0.05
Regular exercise (no vs. yes)	rs10795668	10p14	LOC105376400	A	G	1.42	(1.12–1.81)	4.5 × 10⁻³	1.19	(1.02–1.37)	0.02
Regular exercise (no vs. yes)	rs4444235	14q22.2	intergenic	C	T	1.42	(1.13–1.77)	2.4 × 10⁻³	1.25	(1.09–1.44)	1.5 × 10⁻³
Regular aspirin use (no vs. yes)	rs2241714	19q13.2	B9D2, TMEM91	C	T	2.16	(1.08–4.29)	0.03	1.48	(1.04–2.09)	0.03
Regular aspirin use (no vs. yes)	rs2423279	20p12.3	intergenic	C	T	2.46	(1.27–4.75)	7.7 × 10⁻³	1.86	(1.27–2.74)	1.6 × 10^− 3
Dairy consumption, g/day (≥400 vs. < 400)^e	rs1957636	14q22.3	LOC105370507	A	G	2.27	(1.10–4.69)	0.03	1.60	(1.08–2.35)	0.02

SNP single-nucleotide polymorphism, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
^aMapped genes were based on the NCBI dbSNP
^bA1 and A2 were respectively designated as risk/effect and reference allele based on the literature
^cLogistic regression model based on case-only design using individual SNPs based on additive model and dichotomized environmental factors adjusted age, sex, family history of colorectal cancer, history of DM, regular exercise, and dairy consumption
^dLogistic regression model based on case-control design using interaction terms including individual SNPs based on additive model and dichotomized environmental facators adjusted age, sex, family history of colorectal cancer, history of DM, regular exercise, and dairy consumption
^eDietary factor values were adjusted for total energy intake using the residual method

ISSN: 1471-2407