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Table 1 Characteristics of colorectal cancer cases and controls and associations with colorectal cancer risk

From: Evaluation of gene-environment interactions for colorectal cancer susceptibility loci using case-only and case-control designs

Characteristics

Colorectal cancer cases

Controls

Pa

OR

(95% CI)b

Pb

(N = 703, 100%)

(N = 1406, 100%)

N

(%)

N

(%)

Age, years

 mean (SD)

56.4

(9.6)

56.0

(9.1)

0.31

   

  < 50

159

(22.6)

318

(22.6)

> 0.99

1.00

(ref.)

 

  ≥ 50

544

(77.4)

1088

(77.4)

 

1.10

(0.87–1.40)

0.41

Sex

 Women

223

(31.7)

446

(31.7)

> 0.99

1.00

(ref.)

 

 Men

480

(68.3)

960

(68.3)

 

0.96

(0.78–1.18)

0.68

Family history of colorectal cancer

 No

636

(90.5)

1339

(95.2)

< 0.01

1.00

(ref.)

 

 Yes

67

(9.5)

67

(4.8)

 

2.27

(1.56–3.32)

< 0.01

BMI, kg/m2

 mean (SD)

23.8

(3.4)

24.1

(2.7)

0.04

   

  < 25.0

478

(68.0)

930

(66.2)

0.47

1.00

(ref.)

 

  ≥ 25.0

225

(32.0)

470

(33.4)

 

0.87

(0.71–1.07)

0.19

History of colorectal polyps

 No

628

(89.3)

1227

(87.3)

0.17

1.00

(ref.)

 

 Yes

75

(10.7)

179

(12.7)

 

0.94

(0.69–1.28)

0.70

History of IBD

 No

701

(99.7)

1401

(99.6)

0.79

1.00

(ref.)

 

 Yes

2

(0.3)

5

(0.4)

 

0.67

(0.12–3.87)

0.66

History of DM

 No

616

(87.6)

1287

(91.5)

< 0.01

1.00

(ref.)

 

 Yes

87

(12.4)

119

(8.5)

 

2.27

(1.56–3.32)

< 0.01

Alcohol drinking

 Never

212

(30.2)

419

(29.8)

0.87

1.00

(ref.)

 

 Ever

491

(69.8)

987

(70.2)

 

1.07

(0.84–1.36)

0.59

Smoking

 Never

316

(45.0)

617

(43.9)

0.64

1.00

(ref.)

 

 Ever

387

(55.1)

789

(56.1)

 

0.88

(0.68–1.15)

0.36

Regular exercise

 Yes

229

(32.6)

566

(40.3)

< 0.01

1.00

(ref.)

 

 No

474

(67.4)

833

(59.3)

 

2.97

(2.43–3.62)

< 0.01

Regular aspirin use

 Yes

20

(2.8)

134

(9.5)

< 0.01

1.00

(ref.)

 

 No

683

(97.2)

1272

(90.5)

 

3.26

(1.97–5.41)

< 0.01

HRT in postmenopausal women

 Ever

31

(19.1)

99

(30.9)

< 0.01

1.00

(ref.)

 

 Never

130

(80.3)

219

(68.4)

 

1.50

(0.92–2.44)

0.11

Red meat intake, g/dayc

 mean (SD)

51.2

(33.4)

58.0

(39.0)

< 0.01

   

  < 100

643

(87.3)

1228

(87.3)

< 0.01

1.00

(ref.)

 

  ≥ 100

58

(8.3)

176

(12.5)

 

0.66

(0.47–0.92)

0.02

Processed meat intake, g/dayc

 mean (SD)

1.1

(9.1)

2.5

(13.2)

< 0.01

   

  < 50

699

(99.4)

1395

(99.2)

0.29

1.00

(ref.)

 

  ≥ 50

2

(0.3)

9

(0.6)

 

0.78

(0.16–3.93)

0.77

Dairy consumption, g/dayc

 mean (SD)

72.6

(147.5)

236.4

(807.3)

< 0.01

   

  ≥ 400

16

(2.3)

198

(14.1)

< 0.01

1.00

(ref.)

 

  < 400

685

(97.8)

1206

(85.8)

 

2.23

(1.53–3.25)

< 0.01

  1. SD standard deviation, BMI body mass index, IBD inflammatory bowel disease, DM diabetes mellitus, HRT hormone replacement therapy, OR odds ratio, CI confidence interval
  2. aChi-square test for categorical variables and T-test for continuous variables
  3. bLogistic regression analysis adjusted for age, sex, family history of colorectal cancer, history of DM, regular exercise, and dairy consumption
  4. cDietary factor values were adjusted for total energy intake using the residual method