Table 1 Clinico-pathological features of 431 patients with a preoperative histopathologic diagnosis of DCIS
|  | DCIS (N = 397) | Invasive component (N = 34) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (yrs) | 50.2 ± 10.6 | 50.3 ± 11.4 | 0.967 |
US tumor size (mm, mean ± SD) |  |  | 0.663 |
  ≤ 2 cm | 251 (63.2%) | 19 (55.9%) |  |
  > 2 cm | 133 (33.5%) | 14 (41.2%) |  |
 Not seen | 13 (3.3%) | 1 (2.9%) |  |
US finding | Â | Â | 0.567 |
 Non-mass | 42 (10.6%) | 2 (5.9%) |  |
 Mass | 355 (89.4%) | 32 (94.1%) |  |
Mammographic finding | Â | Â | 0.286 |
 Asymmetry | 25 (6.3%) | 2 (5.9%) |  |
 Microcalcification | 292 (73.6%) | 21 (61.8%) |  |
 Architecture distorsion | 8 (2.0%) | 2 (5.9%) |  |
 No specific finding | 72 (18.1%) | 9 (26.5%) |  |
Biopsy methods | Â | Â | 0.001 |
 Needle Biopsy | 250 (63.0%) | 32 (94.1%) |  |
 Excisional Biopsy | 147 (37.0%) | 2 (5.9%) |  |
Surgery type | Â | Â | 0.009 |
 Breast conserving surgery | 204 (51.4%) | 9 (26.5%) |  |
 Total mastectomy | 193 (48.6%) | 25 (73.5%) |  |
Pathologic DCIS size | Â | Â | 0.010 |
  ≤ 2 cm | 241 (60.7%) | 12 (35.3%) |  |
  > 2 cm | 148 (37.3%) | 20 (58.8%) |  |
 No residual DCIS | 8 (2.0%) | 2 (5.9%) |  |
Invasive tumor size (mm, mean ± SD) |  | 7.0 ± 8.9 | <  0.001 |
pN | Â | Â | 0.117 |
 0 | 393 (99.0%) | 32 (94.1%) |  |
 1 | 4 (1.0%) | 2 (5.9%) |  |
Multifocality | Â | Â | 1.000 |
 Absent | 313 (78.8%) | 27 (79.4%) |  |
 Present | 84 (21.2%) | 7 (20.6%) |  |
Nuclear grade | Â | Â | 0.125 |
 Low/intermediate | 319 (80.4%) | 23 (67.6%) |  |
 High | 78 (19.6%) | 11 (32.4%) |  |
Estrogen receptor | Â | Â | 0.177 |
 - | 88 (22.2%) | 12 (35.3%) |  |
 + | 302 (76.1%) | 22 (64.7%) |  |
 Unknown | 7 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) |  |
Progesterone receptor | Â | Â | 0.130 |
 - | 123 (31.0%) | 16 (47.1%) |  |
 + | 267 (7.3%) | 18 (52.9%) |  |
 Unknown | 7 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) |  |
HER2 | Â | Â | 0.679 |
 - | 241 (61.2%) | 20 (58.8%) |  |
 Overexpression | 147 (37.0%) | 14 (41.2%) |  |
 Unknown | 7 (1.8%) | 0 (0%) |  |
Ki-67(%) | 8.8 ± 9.1 | 15.3 ± 25.5 | 0.271 |
Closest margin (mm) | 4.8 ± 5.2 | 5.1 ± 4.3 | 0.788 |
Follow up periods (months) | 46.0 ± 35.2 | 61.6 ± 46.5 | 0.064 |
Any recurrence | Â | Â | 1.000 |
 Absent | 389 (98.0%) | 33 (97.1%) |  |
 Present | 8 (2.0%) | 1 (2.9%) |  |
Chemotherapy |  |  | <  0.001 |
 no | 381 (96.0%) | 18 (52.9%) |  |
 yes | 16 (4.0%) | 16 (47.1%) |  |
Hormone therapy | Â | Â | 0.147 |
 no | 90 (22.7%) | 12 (35.3%) |  |
 yes | 307 (77.3%) | 22 (64.7%) |  |