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Table 4 Hazard ratios for lung cancer mortality in current smokers, by smoking exposure and education

From: Smoking related lung cancer mortality by education and sex in Norway

Mena

HRs 95% CI

 

Education in years

 

Smoking status

Cases

< 10 years

HRa 95% CI

Cases

10–12 years

HRa 95% CI

Cases

≥13 years

HRa 95% CI

Heterogeneity testb

P-values

Never smokersc

18

1.00 (ref)

54

1.00 (ref)

19

1.00 (ref)

 

Current smokers

1303

28.96 (18.17–46.14)

1216

16.01 (12.19–21.05)

254

22.50 (14.09–35.92)

0.45

Duration of smoking (years)

 

 1–19

120

18.27 (11.08–30.12)

130

9.13 (6.61–12.61)

27

9.95 (5.49–18.03)

0.13

 20–29

717

27.93 (17.43–44.74)

758

15.61 (11.80–20.66)

151

23.56 (14.51–38.25)

0.62

  > 30

465

32.72 (20.35–52.62)

318

19.92 (14.65–27.09)

75

35.32 (19.59–63.69)

0.84

 P for trendd

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

Cigarettes smoked per day

 

 1–10

400

20.71 (12.91–33.23)

262

8.98 (7.00–12.05)

53

12.26 (7.25–20.74)

0.15

 11–20

684

34.57 (21.62–55.28)

710

19.00 (14.38–25.10)

142

27.96 (17.27–45.29)

0.54

  > 21

165

54.57 (33.46–89.00)

211

33.76 (24.96–45.65)

49

50.24 (29.37–85.93)

0.82

 P for trendd

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

Pack-years

 

 1–9

141

15.84 (9.68–25.92)

101

6.49 (4.65–9.05)

19

7.34 (3.88–13.91)

0.06

 10–19

497

25.45 (15.88–40.78)

443

13.55 (10.20–18.00)

87

21.18 (12.85–34.89)

0.60

  ≥ 20

611

40.43 (25.28–64.65)

632

23.84 (18.04–31.54)

138

37.02 (22.78–60.17)

0.80

 P for trendd

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

Womena

HRs 95% CI

Smoking status

Cases

HRa 95% CI

Cases

HRa 95% CI

Cases

HRa 95% CI

 

Never smokers

70

1.00 (ref)

81

1.00 (ref)

37

1.00 (ref)

 

Current smokers

980

15.85 (12.32–20.38)

887

14.22 (11.28–17.92)

116

9.41 (6.49–13.68)

< 0.01

Duration of smoking (years)

 

 1–19

155

8.37 (6.21–11.29)

158

7.62 (5.78–10.06)

20

3.83 (2.20–6.65)

0.01

 20–29

624

16.11 (12.32–21.08)

603

16.19 (12.70–20.63)

73

11.01 (7.35–16.48)

0.12

  > 30

194

23.05 (17.16–30.97)

120

21.85 (15.79–30.25)

22

27.18 (13.30–55.52)

0.68

 P for trendd

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

Cigarettes smoked per day

 

 1–10

458

12.81 (9.87–16.62)

326

9.43 (7.37–12.07)

36

5.15 (3.26–8.20)

< 0.01

 11–20

465

22.88 (17.50–29.92)

500

21.35 (16.75–27.22)

78

14.47 (9.66–21.69)

0.06

  > 21

54

41.62 (28.75–60.25)

57

39.87 (28.22–56.34)

8

19.70 (9.04–42.97)

0.09

 P for trendd

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

Pack-years

 

 1–9

197

8.31 (6.27–11.02)

148

6.08 (4.61–8.01)

18

3.31 (1.88–5.84)

< 0.01

 10–19

481

18.27 (14.05–23.77)

457

16.95 (13.31–21.60)

57

12.00 (7.89–18.25)

0.10

  ≥ 20

294

29.66 (22.60–38.93)

274

27.92 (21.66–35.98)

39

18.49 (11.68–29.26)

0.08

 P for trendd

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 

< 0.01

 
  1. a Multivariable Hazard ratios (95% CI) adjusted for body mass index and physical activity, both at enrollment
  2. bHeterogeneity test for those with < 10 years of education compared with ≥13 years education
  3. cNever smokers
  4. dTrend test without never smokers
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BMC Cancer

ISSN: 1471-2407

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