Fig. 1

Efficacy. The graph displays analyses of patients during moderately and highly emetogenic chemotherapy and CINV prophylaxis with ondansetron only (control group; 39 patients/116 chemotherapy courses; white bars) or with a combination of ondansetron and fosaprepitant (fosaprepitant group; 40 patients/112 chemotherapy courses; black bars). a. The percentage of patients experiencing vomiting was significantly higher in the control group during both the acute (n = 10; 25.0% vs. n = 26; 66.7%; p = 0.0005) and the delayed (n = 17; 42.5% vs. n = 31; 79.5%); p = 0.0017) CINV phase. Likewise, the number of chemotherapy courses in which vomiting occurred was significantly higher in the control group during both the acute (n = 45; 38.8% vs. n = 21; 18.8%; p = 0.0014) and the delayed (n = 66; 56.9% vs. n = 41; 36.6%: p = 0.0033) CINV phase b. The total number of vomiting events during all chemotherapy courses of the respective cohort and both CINV phases was significantly higher in the control group when compared to the fosaprepitant group during the acute (88 vs. 37 events; p < 0.0001) and the delayed CINV phase (164 vs. 103; p < 0.0001), and during both CINV phases (252 vs. 140 events, p = 0.0001). c. Significantly (p = 0.04884) fewer patients of the fosaprepitant group needed PRN medication with dimenhydrinate during both CINV phases compared with the control group (47.5%, n = 19 vs. 69.2%, n = 27). 1.6-fold fewer doses of dimenhydrinate were administered in the fosaprepitant group when compared to the control group during both CINV phases (198 vs. 322; p < 0.0001). Symbols indicate *: p < 0.05 | **: p < 0.01 | ***: p < 0.001 | ****: p < 0.0001