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Anastomotic leakage
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Leakage confirmed by angiography or bowel content seen in drainage
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Anastomotic bleeding
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Continuous blood content seen in gastric tube and continuous decreasing hemoglobin level, within 24 h after surgery
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Abdominal bleeding
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Continuous blood content seen in drainage and continuous decreasing hemoglobin level, within 24 h after surgery
|
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Surgical site infection
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Wound abscess with clinical symptoms
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Bowel obstruction
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Clinical symptoms with radiographic confirmation
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Abdominal effusion
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Continuous high abdominal drainage output
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Pancreatitis
|
Drain output of any measurable volume of fluid on or after postoperative day 3 with an amylase content greater than 3 times the serum amylase activity
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Bowel preformation
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Intraoperative or radiographic confirmation
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Pneumonia
|
Clinical symptoms with radiographic confirmation
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